Plants achieve an optimal balance between growth and defense by a fine-tuned biosynthesis and metabolic inactivation of immune-stimulating small molecules. Recent research illustrates that three common hubs are involved in the cooperative regulation of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) by the defense hormones N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP) and salicylic acid (SA). First, a common set of regulatory proteins is involved in their biosynthesis. Second, NHP and SA are glucosylated by the same glycosyltransferase, UGT76B1, and thereby inactivated in concert. And third, NHP confers immunity via the SA receptor NPR1 to reprogram plants at the level of transcription and primes plants for an enhanced defense capacity. An overview of SA and NHP metabolism is provided, and their contribution to long-distance signaling in SAR is discussed.

中文翻译：

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全身获得性抵抗的代谢调节。

植物通过微调的生物合成和免疫刺激小分子的代谢失活来实现生长和防御之间的最佳平衡。最近的研究表明，防御激素 N-羟基哌啶酸 (NHP) 和水杨酸 (SA) 共同调节系统获得性抵抗 (SAR) 的三个共同枢纽。首先，一组常见的调节蛋白参与了它们的生物合成。其次，NHP 和 SA 被相同的糖基转移酶 UGT76B1 糖基化，从而共同失活。第三，NHP 通过 SA 受体 NPR1 赋予免疫力，以在转录水平重新编程植物并启动植物以增强防御能力。提供了 SA 和 NHP 代谢的概述，并讨论了它们对 SAR 中长距离信号传导的贡献。