In the event of a fission-based weapon or improvised nuclear device (IND) detonation, dose coefficients can be harnessed to provide dose assessments for defense, emergency preparedness, and consequence management, as well as to prospectively inform the assessment of radiation biomarkers and development of medical prophylaxis countermeasures for defense and homeland security stakeholders and decision-makers. Although dose coefficients have previously been calculated for this group, they would apply specifically to the studied population, the 1945 Japanese cohort, after which their anthropomorphic computational phantoms were modeled. For this reason, applications to other populations may be limited, and instead, an assessment of a more standardized population is desired. We employed a series of computational human phantoms representing international reference individuals: UF/NCI voxel phantom series containing newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-, and 35-year-old males and females. Irradiation of the phantoms was simulated using the Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code to determine organ dose coefficients under four idealized irradiation geometries at three distances from the detonation hypocenter at Hiroshima and Nagasaki using DS02 free-in-air prompt neutron and photon fluence spectra. Through these simulations, age-specific dose coefficients were determined for individual organs. Various articulated PIMAL stylized phantoms were simulated as well to estimate the effect of body posture on dose coefficients and determine the effect of posture on dosimetric estimation and reconstruction. Results additionally demonstrate that ¹³⁷Cs and the Watt fission spectra are not ideal general surrogate sources for fission weapons, which may be considered for experimental testing of medical countermeasures. Supplementary data provided tabulates the compilation of organ dose-rate coefficients in this study.

在基于裂变的武器或简易核装置 (IND) 爆炸的情况下，可以利用剂量系数为防御、应急准备和后果管理提供剂量评估，并为辐射生物标志物和发展的评估提供前瞻性信息国防和国土安全利益相关者和决策者的医疗预防对策。尽管之前已经为该组计算了剂量系数，但它们将专门应用于研究人群，即 1945 年的日本队列，之后对他们的拟人计算模型进行建模。出于这个原因，对其他人群的应用可能会受到限制，相反，需要对更标准化的人群进行评估。我们采用了一系列代表国际参考个体的计算人体模型：UF/NCI 体素模型系列，包含新生儿、1 岁、5 岁、10 岁、15 岁和 35 岁男性和女性。使用蒙特卡罗 N 粒子传输代码模拟模型的辐照，以使用 DS02 自由空气瞬发中子和光子注量光谱在距广岛和长崎爆炸震源三个距离处的四种理想辐照几何结构下确定器官剂量系数。通过这些模拟，确定了个体器官的特定年龄剂量系数。还模拟了各种铰接式 PIMAL 风格化体模，以估计身体姿势对剂量系数的影响，并确定姿势对剂量估计和重建的影响。¹³⁷ Cs 和瓦特裂变光谱不是裂变武器的理想通用替代源，可考虑用于医疗对策的实验测试。提供的补充数据列出了本研究中器官剂量率系数的汇编。