PURPOSE To examine the incidence and initial presentation of sports-related ocular injury in youth. METHODS This retrospective case series study was performed at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts. Inclusion criteria were visit dates between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015, age 5 to 25 years, an ocular injury International Classifcation of Disease code, and a sports-related mechanism of injury. RESULTS The final sample was 223 patients, representing approximately 20% of all youth eye injuries (mean age: 16.2 years (range: 6 to 24 years); 78.9% boys, 21.2% girls). The most common diagnosis was hyphema (72.2%). Most injuries occurred with soccer (23.3%), baseball (17.0%), and basketball (11.7%), with a mean visual acuity of 20/40, 20/50, and 20/50, respectively. The injuries with the lowest mean visual acuity resulted from paintball (20/500) and airsoft gun shooting (20/200). Thirty-three patients (14.7%) required surgical intervention. The average number of follow-up visits within 1 year was five. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 20% of youth ocular injury visits were sports related, with male teenagers affected most. Hyphema was the most common type of sports-related eye injury posing a lifelong risk of ocular complications. Popular youth sports such as soccer, baseball, and basketball caused the most eye injuries. Shooting sports with paintball and airsoft guns were associated with the greatest loss of vision. Patients infrequently reported the use of protective eyewear at the time of injury. Protective eye equipment should be worn by youth participating in sports to prevent ocular trauma and the potential for surgical intervention. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2021;58(6):377-384.].

中文翻译：

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对在三级眼科中心就诊的年轻人中与运动损伤相关的临床表现的 5 年回顾性评估。

目的检查青年运动相关眼损伤的发生率和初始表现。方法 这项回顾性病例系列研究在马萨诸塞州波士顿的马萨诸塞眼耳科医院进行。纳入标准是就诊日期在 2010 年 1 月 1 日至 2015 年 12 月 31 日之间，年龄 5 至 25 岁，眼部损伤国际疾病分类代码，以及与运动相关的损伤机制。结果 最终样本为 223 名患者，约占所有青年眼外伤的 20%（平均年龄：16.2 岁（范围：6 至 24 岁）；男孩占 78.9%，女孩占 21.2%）。最常见的诊断是前房积血（72.2%）。大多数受伤发生在足球 (23.3%)、棒球 (17.0%) 和篮球 (11.7%) 中，平均视力分别为 20/40、20/50 和 20/50。平均视力最低的伤害是彩弹射击 (20/500) 和气枪射击 (20/200)。33 名患者 (14.7%) 需要手术干预。1 年内平均随访次数为 5 次。结论 大约 20% 的青少年眼部损伤就诊与运动有关，其中男性青少年受影响最大。前房积血是最常见的运动相关眼部损伤类型，可造成终生眼部并发症的风险。流行的青少年运动，如足球、棒球和篮球，造成的眼部损伤最多。使用彩弹射击和气枪射击运动与最大程度的视力丧失有关。患者很少报告在受伤时使用了防护眼镜。参加运动的青少年应佩戴保护性眼部设备，以防止眼外伤和手术干预的可能性。[J Pediatr Ophthalmol 斜视。2021;58(6):377-384.]。