Carbon sources represent the most dominant cost factor in the industrial biomanufacturing of products. Thus, it has attracted much attention to seek cheap and renewable feedstocks, such as lignocellulose, crude glycerol, methanol, and carbon dioxide, for biosynthesis of value-added compounds. Co-utilization of these carbon sources by microorganisms not only can reduce the production cost but also serves as a promising approach to improve the carbon yield. However, co-utilization of mixed carbon sources usually suffers from a low utilization rate. In the past few years, the development of metabolic engineering strategies to enhance carbon source co-utilization efficiency by inactivation of carbon catabolite repression has made significant progress. In this article, we provide informative and comprehensive insights into the co-utilization of two or more carbon sources including glucose, xylose, arabinose, glycerol, and C1 compounds, and we put our focus on parallel utilization, synergetic utilization, and complementary utilization of different carbon sources. Our goal is not only to summarize strategies of co-utilization of carbon sources, but also to discuss how to improve the carbon yield and the titer of target products.

中文翻译：

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重新连接微生物代谢网络以有效利用混合碳源

碳源是产品工业生物制造中最主要的成本因素。因此，寻找廉价和可再生的原料，如木质纤维素、粗甘油、甲醇和二氧化碳，用于生物合成增值化合物已引起了广泛关注。微生物对这些碳源的共同利用不仅可以降低生产成本，而且是提高碳产量的有希望的方法。然而，混合碳源的共同利用通常存在利用率低的问题。在过去的几年里，代谢工程策略的发展，通过失活碳分解代谢物抑制来提高碳源的协同利用效率，取得了重大进展。在本文中，我们提供有关葡萄糖、木糖、阿拉伯糖、甘油和 C1 化合物等两种或多种碳源的共同利用的信息和全面的见解，我们将重点放在不同碳源的并行利用、协同利用和互补利用上。我们的目标不仅是总结碳源的协同利用策略，而且还讨论如何提高碳产量和目标产品的效价。