INTRODUCTION Long-term outcomes of smoking cessation treatments are crucial to optimize standards of cessation services, which are known to prevent excess morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes of a smoking cessation program, to compare the success rates of interventions, to assess relapse rates after quitting, and to determine the duration until relapse. METHODS Patients admitted for smoking cessation between 2010-2018 were contacted to evaluate short- and long-term treatment outcomes. The patients were asked whether they were currently smoking, and whether they quit after smoking cessation treatment and the duration of abstinence. RESULTS The study included 579 patients (341 males) with a mean age of 50±12 years. The median time from the date of visit to the smoking cessation clinic to analysis was 5 years (range: 2-10). Of the patient, 436 used medications, including varenicline, bupropion, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). The overall quit rate was 31.8% by the primary intervention (varenicline: 45.5%, bupropion: 38.2%, NRT: 33%, psychosocial support: 4.2%), and quit rate was similar in the intervention groups (p=0.073). In the long-term, the quit rates were 19.6, 22.5, 25.9, and 21.7%, respectively (p=0.405). About 9% of the patients failed to quit smoking initially but succeeded for a while after the first intervention at the cessation clinic. The relapse rate after initial cessation was 19%. The longest period of abstinence was in patients using NRT (14±17 months), followed by the patients using varenicline (9.5±12.7 months) and bupropion (8.2±14.8 months). CONCLUSIONS Both short- and long-term quit rates with varenicline, bupropion, and NRT, were similar. The long-term quit rates among patients who did not use medication and received psychosocial support initially were comparable to those who used a smoking cessation drug.

中文翻译：

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戒烟治疗结果的比较评估和免费药物在成功长期戒烟中的作用。

引言 戒烟治疗的长期结果对于优化戒烟服务标准至关重要，众所周知，戒烟服务可以防止过高的发病率和死亡率。本研究旨在评估戒烟计划的长期结果，比较干预措施的成功率，评估戒烟后的复发率，并确定直至复发的持续时间。方法 联系了 2010-2018 年因戒烟入院的患者，以评估短期和长期治疗结果。询问患者目前是否吸烟，戒烟治疗后是否戒烟，戒烟持续时间。结果 该研究包括 579 名患者（341 名男性），平均年龄为 50±12 岁。从访问戒烟诊所到分析的中位时间为 5 年（范围：2-10）。在该患者中，436 人使用了药物，包括伐尼克兰、安非他酮和尼古丁替代疗法 (NRT)。初级干预的总体戒烟率为 31.8%（伐尼克兰：45.5%，安非他酮：38.2%，NRT：33%，社会心理支持：4.2%），干预组的戒烟率相似（p=0.073）。长期来看，戒烟率分别为19.6%、22.5%、25.9%和21.7%（p=0.405）。大约 9% 的患者最初未能戒烟，但在戒烟诊所的第一次干预后成功戒烟了一段时间。初次停药后的复发率为 19%。戒断时间最长的是使用 NRT 的患者（14±17 个月），其次是使用伐尼克兰的患者（9.5±12.7 个月）和安非他酮（8. 2±14.8 个月）。结论 伐尼克兰、安非他酮和 NRT 的短期和长期戒烟率相似。最初未使用药物并接受社会心理支持的患者的长期戒烟率与使用戒烟药物的患者相当。