Although defined as a lymphoid surface marker, CD7 is aberrantly expressed on a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia cells and appears to be associated with an inferior response to chemotherapy. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a potentially curative modality but no data has been reported in CD7-positive AML patients. We performed a retrospective analysis involving 141 AML patients who underwent allo-HCT in first morphological complete remission (CR1). The results showed that CD7-positive AML patients had a poor 2-year overall survival (64.5% vs 82.0%, P = 0.040), relapse-free survival (RFS) (56.5% vs 79.4%, P = 0.005), and higher cumulative incidence of relapse (27.0% vs 9.7%, P = 0.003) post-HCT. In addition, expression of CD7 was related to RAS and RUNX1 mutation, and high residual disease level pre-HCT. Multivariate analyses showed CD7 expression at diagnosis was an independent risk factor for RFS (P = 0.016, HR = 0.418) and relapse (P = 0.014, HR = 0.307). We concluded that for AML patients in CR1, CD7 is a negative predictor for allo-transplant outcomes.

尽管被定义为淋巴表面标志物，但 CD7 在急性髓性白血病细胞的亚型上异常表达，并且似乎与对化疗的不良反应有关。同种异体造血细胞移植 (allo-HCT) 是一种潜在的治愈方法，但在 CD7 阳性 AML 患者中尚无数据报告。我们对 141 名接受 allo-HCT 且首次形态学完全缓解 (CR1) 的 AML 患者进行了回顾性分析。结果显示，CD7 阳性 AML 患者的 2 年总生存率（64.5% 对 82.0%，P  = 0.040）、无复发生存率（RFS）（56.5% 对 79.4%，P  = 0.005）较差，并且更高复发的累积发生率（27.0% vs 9.7%，P = 0.003) HCT 后。此外，CD7 的表达与 RAS 和 RUNX1 突变以及 HCT 前高残留疾病水平有关。多变量分析显示诊断时的 CD7 表达是 RFS（P  = 0.016，HR = 0.418）和复发（P  = 0.014，HR = 0.307）的独立危险因素。我们得出结论，对于 CR1 的 AML 患者，CD7 是同种异体移植结果的阴性预测因子。