Indirect aggression has been associated with antisocial personality traits like Machiavellianism, but there is a lack of evidence on their longitudinal development across adolescence. Therefore, the joint developmental trajectories of adolescent indirect aggression and Machiavellianism across 3 years of high school (Grades 10 to 12) were investigated. Predictors of joint trajectory groups at the start of high school (Grade 9) were also explored. Participants included a sample of 513 individuals (Mage = 14.95 in Grade 10; SD = .37; 56.7% girls; 76.4% White) recruited from a school district that completed self-report measures of indirect aggression and Machaivellianism annually. Self- and parent-report measures of individual differences (e.g., approval seeking), peer relations (e.g., school bonding), and psychological features (e.g., anxiety) were explored as predictors of the trajectory groups. As predicted, a small subgroup of individuals indicated a high-risk joint trajectory pattern of moderate stable indirect aggression and high stable Machiavellianism. Additional trajectory patterns included a low-risk group indicating low stable indirect aggression and low stable Machiavellianism, and a high Machiavellianism only group indicating low stable indirect aggression and high stable Machiavellianism. Moderate indirect aggression was a better indicator of high Machiavellianism than the reverse. Individual differences, peer relations, and psychological features differentiated these trajectory groups. Findings have implications for the prevention of antisocial traits and behavior among young people. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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检查反社会行为和人格的联合发展：青少年间接攻击和马基雅维利主义的预测因素和轨迹。

间接攻击与马基雅维利主义等反社会人格特征有关，但缺乏证据表明它们在青春期的纵向发展。因此，研究了 3 年高中（10 至 12 年级）青少年间接攻击和马基雅维利主义的联合发展轨迹。还探讨了高中（9 年级）开始时关节轨迹组的预测因素。参与者包括从学区招募的 513 个人（10 年级法师 = 14.95；SD = .37；56.7% 女孩；76.4% 白人）的样本，该学区每年完成间接侵略和马凯维利主义的自我报告措施。自我和家长报告的个体差异（例如，寻求认可）、同伴关系（例如，学校联系）和心理特征（例如，焦虑）被探索作为轨迹组的预测因子。正如预测的那样，一小部分个体表现出中等稳定的间接攻击和高度稳定的马基雅维利主义的高风险关节轨迹模式。其他轨迹模式包括一个低风险组，表明低稳定的间接侵略和低稳定的马基雅维利主义，以及一个高马基雅维利主义组，表明低稳定的间接侵略和高稳定的马基雅维利主义。适度的间接攻击是高度马基雅维利主义的一个更好的指标，而不是相反。个体差异、同伴关系和心理特征区分了这些轨迹群体。研究结果对预防年轻人的反社会特征和行为具有重要意义。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。