Nucleic acid-based gene therapy has recently made important progress toward clinical implementation, and holds tremendous promise for the treatment of some life-threatening diseases, such as cancer and inflammation. However, the on-demand delivery of nucleic acid therapeutics in target cells remains highly challenging. The development of delivery systems responsive to specific pathological cues of diseases is expected to offer promising alternatives for overcoming this problem. Among them, the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive delivery systems, which in response to elevated ROS in cancer cells or activated inflammatory cells, can deliver nucleic acid therapeutics on-demand via ROS-induced structural and assembly behavior changes, constitute a promising approach for cancer and anti-inflammation therapies. In this short review, we briefly introduce the ROS-responsive chemical structures, ROS-induced release mechanisms and some representative examples to highlight the current progress in constructing ROS-responsive delivery systems. We aim to provide new insights into the rational design of on-demand gene delivery vectors.

基于核酸的基因治疗最近在临床实施方面取得了重要进展，并为治疗一些危及生命的疾病，如癌症和炎症带来了巨大的希望。然而，在靶细胞中按需递送核酸治疗剂仍然极具挑战性。响应于疾病的特定病理线索的递送系统的开发有望为克服这一问题提供有希望的替代方案。其中，活性氧 (ROS) 响应性递送系统可响应癌细胞或活化的炎症细胞中升高的 ROS，通过 ROS 诱导的结构和组装行为变化按需递送核酸治疗剂，构成了一种很有前景的应用。癌症和抗炎治疗的方法。在这篇简短的评论中，我们简要介绍了 ROS 响应的化学结构、ROS 诱导的释放机制和一些代表性的例子，以突出当前构建 ROS 响应的传递系统的进展。我们的目标是为按需基因传递载体的合理设计提供新的见解。