A longstanding focus in evolutionary physiology concerns the causes and consequences of variation in maintenance metabolism. Insight into this can be gained by estimating the sex-specific genetic architecture of maintenance metabolism alongside other, potentially correlated traits on which selection may also act, such as body mass and locomotor activity. This may reveal potential genetic constraints affecting the evolution of maintenance metabolism. Here, we used a half-sibling breeding design to quantify the sex-specific patterns of genetic (co)variance in standard metabolic rate (SMR), body mass and daily locomotor activity in Drosophila melanogaster. There was detectable additive genetic variance for all traits in both sexes. As expected, SMR and body mass were strongly and positively correlated, with genetic allometry exponents (bA ± SE) that were close to 2/3 in females (0.66 ± 0.16) and males (0.58 ± 0.32). There was a significant and positive genetic correlation between SMR and locomotor activity in males, suggesting that alleles that increase locomotion have pleiotropic effects on SMR. Sexual differences in the genetic architecture were largely driven by a difference in genetic variance in locomotor activity between the sexes. Overall, genetic variation was mostly shared between males and females, setting the stage for a potential intralocus sexual conflict in the face of sexually antagonistic selection.

中文翻译：

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黑腹果蝇标准代谢率、体重和运动活动的性别特异性遗传（共）变异。

进化生理学的一个长期关注点是维持代谢变异的原因和后果。可以通过估计维持代谢的性别特异性遗传结构以及选择也可能对其起作用的其他潜在相关特征（例如体重和运动活动）来深入了解这一点。这可能揭示影响维持代谢进化的潜在遗传限制。在这里，我们使用半同胞育种设计来量化黑腹果蝇的标准代谢率 (SMR)、体重和日常运动活动的遗传（共）变异的性别特异性模式。两性的所有性状都存在可检测的加性遗传变异。正如预期的那样，SMR 和体重呈强正相关，遗传异速生长指数 (bA ± SE) 在女性 (0.66 ± 0.16) 和男性 (0.58 ± 0.32) 中接近 2/3。男性的 SMR 与运动活动之间存在显着的正遗传相关性，表明增加运动的等位基因对 SMR 具有多效性。遗传结构中的性别差异在很大程度上是由两性之间运动活动的遗传变异差异驱动的。总体而言，遗传变异主要在男性和女性之间共享，这为面临性对抗选择时潜在的位点内性冲突奠定了基础。表明增加运动的等位基因对 SMR 具有多效性。遗传结构中的性别差异在很大程度上是由两性之间运动活动的遗传变异差异驱动的。总体而言，遗传变异主要在男性和女性之间共享，这为面临性对抗选择时潜在的位点内性冲突奠定了基础。表明增加运动的等位基因对 SMR 具有多效性。遗传结构中的性别差异在很大程度上是由两性之间运动活动的遗传变异差异驱动的。总体而言，遗传变异主要在男性和女性之间共享，这为面临性对抗选择时潜在的位点内性冲突奠定了基础。