Background

The aim of this study was to review the clinical symptoms, radiological data, surgical techniques, and postoperative complications associated with bronchial rupture of pulmonary hydatid cysts in children and evaluate the results of surgical treatment.

Materials and methods

A retrospective study of 40 surgical procedures performed for pulmonary hydatid cyst ruptured in the bronchial tree in 36 children (22 boys and 14 girls), aged between 7 and 18 from January 2009 to December 2019.

Results

The study included 36 patients with a mean age of 14.7. Most symptoms were cough (63.9%), chest pain (38.9%), hemoptysis (33.3%), and hydatid vomiting (22.2%).

Chest X-ray, chest CT scan and abdominal echography was performed in all cases. Surgical approach was posterolateral thoracotomy in all cases.

Conservative treatment was possible in 35 patients (97.2%) through cystotomy in 25 cases, pericystectomy in 11 cases, and lobar resection in 1 case (2.8%).

Average operative time was 103 min (range: 53 and 185 min) and mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.9 days. The postoperative complications occurred in 4 (11.1%): atelectasis (N = 2), wound site infection (N = 1), and prolonged air leak (N = 1).

There was no postoperative mortality. After an average follow-up of 39 months there was no recurrence.

Conclusion

Ruptured hydatid cyst of the lung into the bronchus. Must be surgically treated and carefully due to the risk of per-operative bronchial flooding. Conservative surgical procedures with precise closure of the bronchial fistulas and capitonnage can complete removal of the cyst with low complications.

中文翻译：

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儿童肺包虫囊肿支气管破裂36例回顾性研究

背景

本研究的目的是回顾与儿童肺包虫囊肿支气管破裂相关的临床症状、放射学数据、手术技术和术后并发症，并评估手术治疗的结果。

材料和方法

一项回顾性研究对 2009 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月 7 至 18 岁的 36 名儿童（22 名男孩和 14 名女孩）的支气管树肺包虫囊肿破裂进行了 40 次外科手术。

结果

该研究包括 36 名平均年龄为 14.7 岁的患者。大多数症状是咳嗽（63.9%）、胸痛（38.9%）、咯血（33.3%）和包虫呕吐（22.2%）。

所有病例均进行胸部 X 线、胸部 CT 扫描和腹部超声检查。所有病例的手术入路均为后外侧开胸。

经膀胱切开术25例、囊周切除术11例、肺叶切除术1例（2.8%），35例（97.2%）可进行保守治疗。

平均手术时间为 103 分钟（范围：53 和 185 分钟），术后平均住院时间为 5.9 天。术后并发症 4 例（11.1%）：肺不张（N =2）、伤口部位感染（N =1）、漏气时间延长（N =1）。

无术后死亡。经过平均 39 个月的随访，没有复发。

结论

肺包虫囊肿破裂进入支气管。由于手术期间存在支气管积水的风险，因此必须进行手术治疗并小心谨慎。精确闭合支气管瘘和帽状囊肿的保守外科手术可以以低并发症完成囊肿切除。