Post-traumatic hydrocephalus (PTH) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may develop within or beyond the acute phase of recovery. Recognition and subsequent treatment of this condition leads to improved neurologic outcomes. In this scoping review, we identify statistically significant demographic, clinical, radiographic, and surgical risk factors as well as a predictive time frame for the onset of PTH in order to facilitate timely diagnosis. Two researchers independently performed a scoping review of the PubMed and Cochrane databases for articles relevant to risk factors for PTH. Articles that met inclusion and exclusion criteria underwent qualitative analysis. Twenty-seven articles were reviewed for statistically significant risk factors and a proposed time frame for the onset of PTH. Variables that could serve as proxies for severe brain injuries were identified as risk factors. The most commonly identified risk factors included either very young or old age, intracranial hemorrhage including intraventricular hemorrhage, hygroma, and need for decompressive craniectomy. Although the timeframe for diagnosis of PTH varied widely from within one week to 31.5 months after injury, the first 50 days were more likely. Established risk factors and timeframe for PTH development may assist clinicians in the early diagnosis of PTH after TBI. Increased consistency in diagnostic criterion and reporting of PTH may improve recognition with early treatment of this condition in order to improve outcomes.

中文翻译：

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创伤后脑积水的风险因素和时间框架的范围审查

创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 后的创伤后脑积水 (PTH) 可能在恢复的急性期之内或之后发展。对这种情况的识别和随后的治疗可以改善神经系统的结果。在本次范围审查中，我们确定了具有统计学意义的人口统计学、临床、放射学和手术风险因素以及 PTH 发病的预测时间框架，以促进及时诊断。两名研究人员独立对 PubMed 和 Cochrane 数据库中与 PTH 风险因素相关的文章进行了范围审查。符合纳入和排除标准的文章进行了定性分析。审查了 27 篇文章的统计学显着风险因素和 PTH 发病的建议时间框架。可以代表严重脑损伤的变量被确定为危险因素。最常见的危险因素包括非常年轻或年老、颅内出血（包括脑室内出血）、水肿和需要去骨瓣减压术。虽然诊断 PTH 的时间范围从受伤后 1 周到 31.5 个月不等，但前 50 天更有可能。PTH 发展的既定风险因素和时间框架可能有助于临床医生在 TBI 后早期诊断 PTH。提高诊断标准和 PTH 报告的一致性可能会提高对这种疾病的早期治疗的认识，以改善结果。颅内出血包括脑室内出血、积液和需要去骨瓣减压术。虽然诊断 PTH 的时间范围从受伤后 1 周到 31.5 个月不等，但前 50 天更有可能。PTH 发展的既定风险因素和时间框架可能有助于临床医生在 TBI 后早期诊断 PTH。提高诊断标准和 PTH 报告的一致性可能会提高对这种疾病的早期治疗的认识，以改善结果。颅内出血包括脑室内出血、积液和需要去骨瓣减压术。虽然诊断 PTH 的时间范围从受伤后 1 周到 31.5 个月不等，但前 50 天更有可能。PTH 发展的既定风险因素和时间框架可能有助于临床医生在 TBI 后早期诊断 PTH。提高诊断标准和 PTH 报告的一致性可能会提高对这种疾病的早期治疗的认识，以改善结果。PTH 发展的既定风险因素和时间框架可能有助于临床医生在 TBI 后早期诊断 PTH。提高诊断标准和 PTH 报告的一致性可能会提高对这种疾病的早期治疗的认识，以改善结果。PTH 发展的既定风险因素和时间框架可能有助于临床医生在 TBI 后早期诊断 PTH。提高诊断标准和 PTH 报告的一致性可能会提高对这种疾病的早期治疗的认识，以改善结果。