The landscape of cancer treatment has been transformed over the past decade by the success of immune-targeting therapies. However, despite sipuleucel-T being the first-ever approved vaccine for cancer and the first immunotherapy licensed for prostate cancer in 2010, immunotherapy has since seen limited success in the treatment of prostate cancer. The tumour microenvironment of prostate cancer presents particular barriers for immunotherapy. Moreover, prostate cancer is distinguished by being one of only two solid tumours where increased T cell-infiltration correlates with a poorer, rather than improved, outlook. Here, we discuss the specific aspects of the prostate cancer microenvironment that converge to create a challenging microenvironment, including myeloid-derived immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. By exploring the immune microenvironment of defined molecular subgroups of prostate cancer, we propose an immunogenomic subtyping approach to single-agent and combination immune-targeting strategies that could lead to improved outcomes in prostate cancer treatment.

中文翻译：

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前列腺癌患者的肿瘤微环境和免疫反应。


过去十年，免疫靶向疗法的成功改变了癌症治疗的格局。然而，尽管 sipuleucel-T 是第一个被批准的癌症疫苗，也是第一个在 2010 年获得许可用于前列腺癌的免疫疗法，但免疫疗法在治疗前列腺癌方面取得的成功有限。前列腺癌的肿瘤微环境对免疫治疗提出了特殊的障碍。此外，前列腺癌的特点是它是仅有的两种实体瘤之一，其中T细胞浸润增加与前景较差而不是改善相关。在这里，我们讨论前列腺癌微环境的具体方面，这些方面共同创造了一个具有挑战性的微环境，包括骨髓源性免疫细胞和癌症相关成纤维细胞。通过探索前列腺癌特定分子亚群的免疫微环境，我们提出了一种针对单药和组合免疫靶向策略的免疫基因组亚型方法，可以改善前列腺癌的治疗结果。