Rapidly developing approaches to acquiring and analyzing densely-sampled, single-subject fMRI data have opened new avenues for understanding the neurobiological basis of individual differences in behavior and could allow fMRI to become a more clinically useful tool. Here, we review briefly key insights from these precision functional mapping studies and a highlight significant barrier to their clinical translation. Specifically, that reliable delineation of functional brain networks in individual humans can require hours of resting-state fMRI data per-subject. We found recently that multi-echo fMRI improves the test-retest reliability of resting-state functional connectivity measurements, mitigating the need for acquiring large quantities of per -subject data. Because the benefits of multi-echo acquisitions are most pronounced in clinically important but artifact-prone brain regions, such as the subgenual cingulate and structures deep in the subcortex, this approach has the potential to increase the impact of precision functional mapping routines in both healthy and clinical populations.

中文翻译：

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使用多回波 fMRI 改进精确的功能映射例程。

快速发展的方法来获取和分析密集采样的单一受试者 fMRI 数据为理解个体行为差异的神经生物学基础开辟了新途径，并可能使 fMRI 成为一种更临床有用的工具。在这里，我们简要回顾了这些精确功能映射研究的关键见解，并强调了其临床转化的重大障碍。具体而言，对个体人类功能性大脑网络的可靠描述可能需要每个受试者数小时的静息状态 fMRI 数据。我们最近发现，多回波 fMRI 提高了静息状态功能连接测量的重测可靠性，减少了获取大量每个受试者数据的需要。