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A process model of having and keeping secrets.
Psychological Review ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-03 , DOI: 10.1037/rev0000282
Michael L Slepian 1
Affiliation  

Secrecy is a common and consequential human experience, and yet the literature lacks an integrative theoretical model that captures this broad experience. Whereas initial research focused on concealment (an action a person may take to keep a secret), recent literature documents the broader experience of having a secret. For instance, even if a secret is not being concealed in the moment, one’s mind can still wander to thoughts of the secret with consequences for well-being. Integrating several disparate literatures, the present work introduces a new model of secrecy. Rather than define secrecy as an action (active concealment), the model defines secrecy as an intention to keep information unknown by one or more others. Like any other intention, secrecy increases sensitivity to internal or external cues related to the intention. Critically, secret-relevant thoughts are cued in one of two broad contexts: (a) during a social interaction that calls for concealment, and (b) the situations outside of those social interactions, where concealment is not required. Having a secret come to mind in these two very different situations evokes a set of distinct processes and outcomes. Concealment (enacting one’s secrecy intention) predicts monitoring, expressive inhibition, and alteration, which consumes regulatory resources and may result in lower interaction quality. Mind-wandering to the secret (when concealment is not required) involves passively thinking about the content of the secret. Engagement with these thoughts may lead to repetitive thinking and rumination, reflection on how one feels about the secret, efforts to cope, or specific plans for how to handle the secret. The model brings together a number of literatures with implications for secrecy, identity concealment, relationships, mind-wandering, coping, health and well-being. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

中文翻译:

拥有和保守秘密的过程模型。

保密是一种普遍且重要的人类经验,但文献缺乏一个综合的理论模型来捕捉这种广泛的经验。虽然最初的研究侧重于隐瞒(一个人可能采取的保守秘密的行动),但最近的文献记录了更广泛的隐瞒经验一个秘密。例如,即使此刻没有隐藏一个秘密,一个人的思想仍然可以游荡到对幸福产生影响的秘密思想上。本工作整合了几个不同的文献,介绍了一种新的保密模式。该模型没有将保密定义为一种行动(主动隐藏),而是将保密定义为一种意图,使信息不为一个或多个其他人所知。与任何其他意图一样,保密会增加对与意图相关的内部或外部线索的敏感性。至关重要的是,与秘密相关的想法在两种广泛的背景之一中得到暗示:(a)在需要隐藏的社交互动期间,以及(b)在这些社交互动之外的情况下,不需要隐藏。在这两种截然不同的情况下想到一个秘密会引发一系列不同的过程和结果。隐藏(制定一个人的秘密意图)预示着监控、表达抑制和改变,这会消耗监管资源并可能导致较低的交互质量。对秘密走神(当不需要隐藏时)涉及被动地思考秘密的内容。参与这些想法可能会导致重复思考和沉思,反思一个人对秘密的感受,应对的努力或如何处理秘密的具体计划。该模型汇集了许多与保密、身份隐藏、人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福有关的文献。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)表达抑制和改变,这会消耗监管资源并可能导致较低的交互质量。对秘密走神(当不需要隐藏时)涉及被动地思考秘密的内容。参与这些想法可能会导致重复思考和沉思,反思一个人对秘密的感受,应对的努力或如何处理秘密的具体计划。该模型汇集了许多与保密、身份隐藏、人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福有关的文献。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)表达抑制和改变,这会消耗监管资源并可能导致较低的交互质量。对秘密走神(当不需要隐藏时)涉及被动地思考秘密的内容。参与这些想法可能会导致重复思考和沉思,反思一个人对秘密的感受,应对的努力或如何处理秘密的具体计划。该模型汇集了许多与保密、身份隐藏、人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福有关的文献。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)对秘密走神(当不需要隐藏时)涉及被动地思考秘密的内容。参与这些想法可能会导致重复思考和沉思,反思一个人对秘密的感受,应对的努力或如何处理秘密的具体计划。该模型汇集了许多与保密、身份隐藏、人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福有关的文献。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)对秘密走神(当不需要隐藏时)涉及被动地思考秘密的内容。参与这些想法可能会导致重复思考和沉思,反思一个人对秘密的感受,应对的努力或如何处理秘密的具体计划。该模型汇集了许多与保密、身份隐藏、人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福有关的文献。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)人际关系、走神、应对、健康和幸福。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA,保留所有权利)
更新日期:2021-06-03
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