We investigate the application of Ramsey spectroscopy for the development of a microcell atomic clock based on coherent population trapping (CPT). The dependence of the central Ramsey-CPT fringe properties on key experimental parameters is first studied for optimization of the clock's short-term frequency stability. The sensitivity of the clock frequency to light-shift effects is then studied. In comparison with the continuous-wave (CW) regime case, the sensitivity of the clock frequency to laser power variations is reduced by a factor up to 14 and 40.3 for dark times of 150 and [Formula: see text], respectively, at the expense of intensity 3.75 times higher for short-term stability optimization. The dependence of the clock frequency on the microwave power is also reduced in the Ramsey case. We demonstrate that the Ramsey-CPT interrogation improves the clock Allan deviation for averaging times higher than 100 s. With a dark time of [Formula: see text], a clock fractional frequency stability of 3.8 ×10-12 at 104 s is obtained, in comparison with the level of 8×10-11 obtained in the standard CW case, in similar environmental conditions. These results demonstrate that Ramsey-based interrogation protocols might be an attractive approach for the development of chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs) with enhanced mid- and long-term stability.

中文翻译：

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探索 Ramsey-CPT 光谱在基于微池的原子钟中的应用。

我们研究了拉姆齐光谱在基于相干种群捕获 (CPT) 的微单元原子钟开发中的应用。首先研究了中央 Ramsey-CPT 条纹特性对关键实验参数的依赖性，以优化时钟的短期频率稳定性。然后研究时钟频率对光移效应的敏感性。与连续波 (CW) 方案相比，对于 150 和 [公式：见正文] 的暗时间，时钟频率对激光功率变化的敏感性分别降低了 14 和 40.3 倍，在短期稳定性优化的强度成本高出 3.75 倍。在拉姆齐情况下，时钟频率对微波功率的依赖性也降低了。我们证明 Ramsey-CPT 询问改善了时钟艾伦偏差，平均时间高于 100 秒。在[公式：见正文]的暗时间下，在类似环境下，与标准CW情况下获得的8×10-11水平相比，在104 s时获得了3.8×10-12的时钟分数频率稳定性状况。这些结果表明，基于 Ramsey 的询问协议可能是开发具有增强中长期稳定性的芯片级原子钟 (CSAC) 的一种有吸引力的方法。