ABSTRACT:

In order to support health interventions, biomedical and population health researchers need to collect solid evidence. This article asks what type of evidence this should be and expands on previous work that focused on etiological explanations, or causal-mechanical explanations of why and how illness occurs. The article proposes adding predictive evidence to the explanatory evidence, in order to form a joint evidence set, or JES = [A,B,C,D], which consists of four different types of evidence: association [A], biology [B], confirmation [C], and difference-making [D]. The article discusses explanatory coherence as a backbone for this proposal, suggests criteria for each type of evidence, and offers a rubric for multi-evidence mapping.

摘要：

为了支持健康干预，生物医学和人口健康研究人员需要收集确凿的证据。这篇文章询问这应该是什么类型的证据，并扩展了以前的工作，这些工作侧重于病因学解释，或疾病发生的原因和方式的因果机制解释。文章提出在解释性证据中加入预测性证据，以形成联合证据集，即JES=[A,B,C,D]，由四种不同类型的证据组成：关联[A]、生物学[B] ]、确认 [C] 和差异化 [D]。本文讨论了作为该提案支柱的解释性连贯性，为每种类型的证据提出了标准，并为多证据映射提供了一个标题。