Among youth from high-achieving schools, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were examined in relation to (a) internalizing and externalizing symptoms in adolescence (n = 527), and (b) symptoms plus psychiatric diagnoses-based on multiple annual interviews-in adulthood (n = 316). Also examined were associations for a "Proxy ACEs" (P-ACEs) measure, containing items similar to those on standard ACEs measures without reference to abuse or neglect. Rates of ACEs were comparable with those in other studies; most commonly endorsed were perceived parental depression followed by aspects of emotional neglect. Groups exposed to zero, 1, 2, 3, and 4+ ACEs differed on symptoms in adulthood, with small to moderate effect sizes; in parallel comparisons of P-ACEs groups on Grade 12 symptoms, differences had large effect sizes. In relation to psychiatric diagnoses, comparisons with the zero ACEs group showed that groups with 1, 2, 3 ACEs, versus 4+ ACES, respectively, had twofold and over fivefold greater odds of having any lifetime diagnosis. The odds for internalizing diagnoses specifically were 2-6 times greater for individuals with 1, 2, and 3 ACEs, and 12 times greater for those reporting 4 ACEs. Remarkably, Grade 12 reports of 2, 3, and 4+ P-ACEs were linked to 2-3 times greater odds of a psychiatric disorder in adulthood, and 3-6 times greater odds for internalizing diagnoses specifically. In the future, assessments of ACEs and P-ACEs could facilitate early detection of problems among HAS students, informing interventions to mitigate vulnerability processes and promote resilience among these youth and their families. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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来自高成就学校的青少年的不良童年经历：评估促进复原力的脆弱性过程。

在来自成绩优异的学校的青少年中，儿童不良经历 (ACE) 与 (a) 青春期的内化和外化症状 (n = 527) 和 (b) 症状加精神病学诊断相关——基于多次年度访谈——在成年期（n = 316）。还检查了“代理 ACEs”（P-ACEs）测量的关联，其中包含与标准 ACEs 测量相似的项目，而不涉及滥用或忽视。ACE 的发生率与其他研究中的发生率相当；最普遍认可的是父母抑郁，其次是情感忽视。暴露于 0、1、2、3 和 4+ ACEs 的组在成年期的症状不同，影响大小为小到中等；在 P-ACEs 组对 12 级症状的平行比较中，差异具有很大的影响大小。在精神疾病诊断方面，与零 ACE 组的比较表明，分别有 1、2、3 个 ACE 和 4 个以上 ACES 的组，有任何终生诊断的几率高出两倍或五倍以上。对于有 1、2 和 3 个 ACE 的个体，内化诊断的几率要高出 2-6 倍，而报告有 4 个 ACE 的个体则要高出 12 倍。值得注意的是，2、3 和 4+ P-ACEs 的 12 年级报告与成年期精神疾病的几率高出 2-3 倍有关，而内化诊断的几率则高出 3-6 倍。将来，对 ACE 和 P-ACE 的评估可以促进早期发现 HAS 学生的问题，为减轻脆弱性过程和提高这些青少年及其家庭的复原力的干预措施提供信息。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，