In common law jurisdictions theoretical models of the criminal process were developed to enable a greater understanding of the values and forces behind this process. This article discusses victim engagement in the process with a particular look at their contribution to punitiveness during the prosecution and court proceedings. It argues that although existing models remain useful, a complementary model should be added that accounts for recent victim-initiatives, as well as empirical knowledge in the area of victim participation. This model posits that victim participation does not necessarily advance punitiveness and when advancing non-punitive aims, it does not necessarily operate within a restorative justice framework. The proposed model conceives victim participation as contributing to penal parsimony and moderation in criminal proceedings.

中文翻译：

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刑事司法程序的新模式：促进刑事简约和适度的受害人权利

在普通法司法管辖区，犯罪过程的理论模型被开发出来，以便更好地理解这一过程背后的价值和力量。本文讨论了受害者参与这一过程，特别关注他们在起诉和法庭诉讼过程中对惩罚的贡献。它认为，尽管现有模型仍然有用，但应添加一个补充模型，以说明最近的受害者倡议以及受害者参与领域的经验知识。该模型假定受害者参与不一定会促进惩罚性，并且在促进非惩罚性目标时，它不一定会在恢复性司法框架内运作。拟议的模式将受害者的参与视为有助于刑事诉讼中的刑事简约和适度。