W. S. Gilbert is best known as a dramatist and librettist who produced fourteen comic operas with his collaborator, composer Arthur Sullivan. Less familiar is his last work The Hooligan (1912), one of the first realist representations of the young urban working-class male seen on the twentieth-century British stage. This article explores the Edwardian conditions of social and cultural volatility reflected in the authoring and production of this play. It discusses the period as one where narratives of gender and class that underpin contemporary perspectives were shaped and contested. It demonstrates how hegemonic systems of cultural production created binary distinctions between the ‘ideal’ of the ‘Imperial Youth’ and the alien, working-class ‘other’. Gilbert’s authoring of the working-class male subject and his representation in a commercial theatre were subject to both market controls and middle-class ‘anxieties’. This historical perspective indicates continuities between these factors and the contemporary representation of the young urban working classes. Martin Heaney is a senior lecturer in Drama, Applied Theatre and Performance at the University of East London. He is co-director of the Centre of Applied and Participatory Arts and has published articles in various journals, including Research in Drama Education. His book chapter ‘Edward Bond and The Representation of Adolescence’ is forthcoming in The Routledge Guide to Theatre for Young People (2021).

中文翻译：

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上演犯罪者：爱德华时代剧院和流氓

WS Gilbert 以剧作家和编剧而闻名，他与合作者、作曲家 Arthur Sullivan 创作了 14 部喜剧歌剧。不太熟悉的是他的最后一部作品流氓（1912 年），这是 20 世纪英国舞台上首次出现的年轻城市工人阶级男性的现实主义代表作之一。本文探讨了这部戏剧的创作和制作所反映的爱德华时代社会和文化动荡的状况。它讨论了这一时期，即支撑当代观点的性别和阶级叙事被塑造和争论的时期。它展示了文化生产的霸权体系如何在“帝国青年”的“理想”与异类的工人阶级“他者”之间造成二元区别。吉尔伯特对工人阶级男性主题的创作和他在商业剧院中的表现受到市场控制和中产阶级“焦虑”的影响。这种历史视角表明了这些因素与年轻城市工人阶级的当代代表性之间的连续性。Martin Heaney 是东伦敦大学戏剧、应用戏剧和表演专业的高级讲师。他是应用和参与艺术中心的联合主任，并在各种期刊上发表过文章，包括戏剧教育研究。他的书章节“爱德华邦德和青春期的代表”即将出版Routledge 青年剧院指南（2021 年）。