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Hepatitis E virus egress and beyond – the manifold roles of the viral ORF3 protein
Cellular Microbiology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-16 , DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13379
Mirco Glitscher 1 , Eberhard Hildt 1
Affiliation  

Although the hepatitis E virus represents an uprising threat to the global community by representing the commonest cause of an acute viral hepatitis worldwide, its life cycle is grossly understudied. Albeit HEV is a non-enveloped virus, its progeny is released as quasi-enveloped virions. Thus, the responsible accessory protein pORF3 gained rising attention in the past years. It mediates viral release via the exosomal route by targeting the viral capsid to the endosomal system, more precisely to multivesicular bodies. As this is followed by quasi-envelopment, pORF3 may in terms represent a substitute to a conventional envelope protein. This feature proofs to be rather unique with respect to other enteric viruses, although the protein's role in the viral life cycle seems to reach far beyond simply maintaining release of progeny viruses. How pORF3 affects viral morphogenesis, how it mediates efficient viral release and how it supports viral spread is summarised in this microreview. With this, we aim to shed light on functions of pORF3 to gain further insights in still enigmatic aspects of the HEV life cycle.

中文翻译:

戊型肝炎病毒流出及超越——病毒 ORF3 蛋白的多种作用

尽管戊型肝炎病毒是全球急性病毒性肝炎最常见的病因,对全球社会构成了巨大的威胁,但其生命周期的研究却严重不足。尽管 HEV 是一种无包膜病毒,但其后代以准包膜病毒粒子的形式释放。因此,负责任的辅助蛋白 pORF3 在过去几年中获得了越来越多的关注。它通过外泌体途径介导病毒释放,将病毒衣壳靶向内体系统,更准确地说是多泡体。由于这之后是准包膜,因此 pORF3 可以代表常规包膜蛋白的替代品。这一特征证明相对于其他肠道病毒是相当独特的,尽管蛋白质在病毒生命周期中的作用似乎远远超出了简单地维持后代病毒的释放。pORF3 如何影响病毒形态发生、它如何介导有效的病毒释放以及它如何支持病毒传播在这篇微观综述中进行了总结。有了这个,我们的目标是阐明 pORF3 的功能,以进一步了解 HEV 生命周期中仍然神秘的方面。
更新日期:2021-07-16
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