Thiol-based redox compounds, namely thioredoxins (Trxs), glutaredoxins (Grxs) and peroxiredoxins (Prxs), stand as a pivotal group of proteins involved in antioxidant processes and redox signaling. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) are considered as one of the major families of proteins involved in redox regulation by removal of S-glutathionylation and thereby reactivation of other enzymes with thiol-dependent activity. Grxs are also coupled to Trxs and Prxs recycling and thereby indirectly contribute to reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a ubiquitous family of peroxidases, which play an essential role in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, aliphatic and aromatic hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite. The Trxs, Grxs and Prxs systems, which reversibly induce thiol modifications, regulate redox signaling involved in various biological events in the cardiovascular system. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the role of Trxs, Grxs and Prxs on cardiovascular pathologies and especially in cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and heart failure as well as in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome. Further studies on the roles of thiol-dependent redox systems in the cardiovascular system will support the development of novel protective and therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases.

基于硫醇的氧化还原化合物，即硫氧还蛋白 (Trxs)、谷氧还蛋白 (Grxs) 和过氧还蛋白 (Prxs)，是参与抗氧化过程和氧化还原信号传导的关键蛋白质组。Glutaredoxins (Grxs) 被认为是参与氧化还原调节的主要蛋白质家族之一，通过去除 S-谷胱甘肽化并因此重新激活具有硫醇依赖性活性的其他酶。Grxs 还与 Trxs 和 Prxs 再循环耦合，从而间接促进活性氧 (ROS) 解毒。过氧化物酶 (Prxs) 是一个普遍存在的过氧化物酶家族，在过氧化氢、脂肪族和芳香族氢过氧化物以及过氧亚硝酸盐的解毒中发挥重要作用。Trxs、Grxs 和 Prxs 系统可可逆地诱导硫醇修饰，调节涉及心血管系统中各种生物事件的氧化还原信号。这篇综述着重于目前关于 Trxs、Grxs 和 Prxs 在心血管疾病中的作用的知识，特别是在心脏肥大、缺血/再灌注 (I/R) 损伤和心力衰竭以及存在心血管危险因素的情况下，例如高血压、高血脂、高血糖和代谢综合征。进一步研究硫醇依赖性氧化还原系统在心血管系统中的作用将支持开发针对心血管疾病的新型保护和治疗策略。缺血/再灌注 (I/R) 损伤和心力衰竭，以及存在心血管危险因素，如高血压、高脂血症、高血糖和代谢综合征。进一步研究硫醇依赖性氧化还原系统在心血管系统中的作用将支持开发针对心血管疾病的新型保护和治疗策略。缺血/再灌注 (I/R) 损伤和心力衰竭，以及存在心血管危险因素，如高血压、高脂血症、高血糖和代谢综合征。进一步研究硫醇依赖性氧化还原系统在心血管系统中的作用将支持开发针对心血管疾病的新型保护和治疗策略。