As scholars move away from distinct conceptualizations of mothering and fathering (Fagan et al., 2014), scholars have developed novel observational paradigms that are adapted to mothers’ and fathers’ interactive style. For example, the Laughing Task procedure allows for the assessment of parent-child synchrony in a playful setting. However, parent-child synchrony has rarely been assessed at multiple time points, especially in middle childhood. This study aims to extend the applicability of the Laughing Task procedure to middle childhood by 1) exploring the stability between dimensions of dyadic synchrony in 76 intact biparental Canadian families over a five-year period, and 2) examining the longitudinal and concurrent association between dyadic synchrony and children's behavior problems in middle childhood. Children participated in a playful interaction with their father and their mother during separate laboratory visits at both time points. Both parents reported on their child's behavior problems at Time 2. Results showed a strong stability between the dimensions of playful interactions over time, but only for father-child dyads. Nonetheless, the interaction of mother-child and father-child coordination was a significant predictor of children's behavior problems. Result shows that children presented higher behavior problems when concurrent dyadic coordination was low with both parents. Moreover, high coordination with one parent buffered against low coordination with the other parent in the prediction of behavior problems. These results support the validity and reliability of the Laughing Task procedure in middle childhood, especially for father-child dyads.

随着学者们逐渐摆脱母爱的不同概念（Fagan et al., 2014），学者们已经开发出适应母亲和父亲互动风格的新颖观察范式。例如，笑任务程序允许在玩耍的环境中评估亲子同步。然而，很少在多个时间点评估亲子同步性，尤其是在童年中期。本研究旨在通过 1) 探索 76 个完整的双亲加拿大家庭在五年期间二元同步维度之间的稳定性，以及 2) 检查二元同步之间的纵向和并发关联，从而将笑任务程序的适用性扩展到童年中期。儿童中期的同步性和儿童行为问题。在两个时间点的单独实验室访问期间，孩子们与他们的父亲和母亲进行了有趣的互动。父母双方都在时间 2 报告了他们孩子的行为问题。结果表明，随着时间的推移，游戏互动的维度之间具有很强的稳定性，但仅限于父子二人组。尽管如此，母子和父子协调的相互作用是儿童行为问题的重要预测因素。结果表明，当与父母双方的并发二元协调性较低时，儿童表现出较高的行为问题。此外，在预测行为问题时，与一位家长的高度协调可以缓冲与另一位家长的低协调。这些结果支持了童年中期笑任务程序的有效性和可靠性，