The Late Miocene Batallones-10 site (Madrid Basin, Spain) contains several authochthonous multitaxic assemblages. A total of 15 large-mammal species are documented, including hipparionine horses (Hipparion sp.), giraffes (Decennatherium rex) and moschids. Three discrete fossiliferous levels have been identified with the aid of artificial intelligence systems. Although there are some statistical differences in the faunal composition of each level, paleontological, geologic and taphonomic data from all three Batallones-10 levels point to similar taphonomic histories. Mortality data, with abundant young individuals and the presence of pregnant females, indicates a catastrophic process of bone accumulation mainly driven by prolonged drought. Relatively high proportions of partially preserved or fully-articulated skeletons, and absence of carnivore feeding marks on bones, suggest that carcasses were undisturbed by predation. Rapid desiccation of soft tissues kept many of the joints intact, resulting in a high proportion of articulated remains. During drought episodes, large mammalian herbivores congregated around a shrinking water-hole, depleting the local vegetation, such that weakened individuals died of starvation and miring rather than dehydration. When rainfall resumed, the lack of vegetation and presence of low-permeability surficial sepiolite-rich marls, resulted in rapid run-off. This buried most of the unweathered, unabraded remains, whilst slightly orienting or completely removing others. After burial, faulting and slickensides produced diagenetic fractures, which favoured the precipitation of manganese oxides on bone surfaces and the diagenetic corrosion of remains, which is more pronounced in the uppermost Level III. This work, which focuses on the taphonomy of a herbivore-dominated site, improves our overall knowledge of the formation of the Cerro de los Batallones palaeontological complex.

晚中新世 Batallones-10 站点（西班牙马德里盆地）包含几个原始的多分类组合。共有 15 种大型哺乳动物被记录在案，包括河马（Hipparion sp.）、长颈鹿（Decennatherium rex）和moschids。在人工智能系统的帮助下，已经确定了三个离散的化石层。尽管每个级别的动物群组成存在一些统计差异，但来自所有三个 Batallones-10 级别的古生物学、地质学和埋藏学数据都指向相似的埋藏历史。死亡率数据，包括大量年轻个体和怀孕女性的存在，表明主要由长期干旱驱动的骨积累的灾难性过程。部分保存或完全铰接的骨骼比例相对较高，骨骼上没有食肉动物的进食痕迹，表明尸体没有受到捕食的干扰。软组织的快速干燥使许多关节保持完整，从而导致高比例的关节残骸。在干旱时期，大型哺乳动物食草动物聚集在一个不断缩小的水坑周围，耗尽了当地的植被，以至于虚弱的个体死于饥饿和泥沼而不是脱水。当降雨恢复时，植被的缺乏和低渗透性的富含海泡石的表层泥灰岩的存在导致快速径流。这掩埋了大部分未风化、未磨损的遗骸，同时略微定向或完全移除了其他遗骸。埋藏后，断层和滑坡产生成岩裂缝，有利于锰氧化物在骨表面的沉淀和遗骸的成岩腐蚀，在最上层的Ⅲ级更为明显。这项工作侧重于以食草动物为主的遗址的埋藏学，提高了我们对 Cerro de los Batallones 古生物群落形成的整体认识。