Ridesourcing service providers have expanded rapidly in recent years, but accessibility for people with disabilities is an ongoing issue. UberWAV was launched in September 2015, providing wheelchair accessible vehicles equipped with a rear-entry ramp, winch, and restraints for riders who travel with a wheeled mobility aid. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess the equity performance of UberWAV by itself and in comparison to UberX by investigating the temporal and spatial distributions of the availability and accessibility of each service, and 2) to compare the availability, wait time, and price of UberWAV in Portland to the requirements in the city code. Demand-weighted probability of availability (WPA) and demand-weighted estimated time of arrival (WETA) were calculated for each service using Application Programming Interface (API) data extracted at 71 gridded locations in Portland, Oregon in 2018 and U.S. National Household Travel Survey data. WPA and WETA were then regressed over sociodemographic variables, controlling for spatial correlation, to investigate systematic patterns in access by neighborhood. Results indicate large disparities in availability between the WAV and standard Uber services. WPA of UberX was consistently over 99%, while WPA for UberWAV averaged 62% with substantial fluctuations by time of day. Average WETA for UberWAV was 18.8 min, 4.5 times higher than for UberX, and again had greater temporal variability. UberWAV met the service requirements in the Portland city code for availability and wait time under 30 min just 58% of the time (demand-weighted). While UberWAV access was substantially poorer than for UberX, the access was not inequitably distributed with regard to neighborhood income or racial composition. UberWAV was more accessible in areas where a higher percentage of people with ambulatory disabilities lived. A larger fleet of UberWAV vehicles would be needed, particularly through the middle of the day, if Uber is to provide equal access for people using a wheelchair and to meet the requirements in the Portland city code.

近年来，乘车服务提供商迅速扩张，但残障人士的无障碍服务是一个持续存在的问题。UberWAV 于 2015 年 9 月推出，为携带轮式助行器的乘客提供配备后入坡道、绞盘和约束装置的无障碍车辆。本研究的目标是 1) 通过调查每项服务的可用性和可访问性的时间和空间分布，评估 UberWAV 本身以及与 UberX 相比的公平表现，以及 2) 比较可用性、等待时间和波特兰 UberWAV 的价格符合城市代码的要求。使用 2018 年在俄勒冈州波特兰市的 71 个网格位置提取的应用程序编程接口 (API) 数据和美国国家家庭旅行调查，计算每项服务的需求加权可用性概率 (WPA) 和需求加权估计到达时间 (WETA)数据。WPA 和 WETA 然后对社会人口学变量进行回归，控制空间相关性，以调查邻里访问的系统模式。结果表明 WAV 和标准优步服务之间的可用性存在巨大差异。UberX 的 WPA 一直保持在 99% 以上，而 UberWAV 的 WPA 平均为 62%，并且随着时间的推移出现大幅波动。UberWAV 的平均 WETA 为 18.8 分钟，是 UberX 的 4.5 倍，并且再次具有更大的时间可变性。UberWAV 满足波特兰城市代码中关于可用性和等待时间低于 30 分钟的服务要求，只有 58% 的时间（需求加权）。虽然 UberWAV 的访问比 UberX 差很多，但访问是在邻里收入或种族构成方面没有不公平的分配。UberWAV 在行动不便人士居住比例较高的地区更容易使用。如果优步要为使用轮椅的人提供平等的机会并满足波特兰城市规范的要求，则需要更多的 UberWAV 车队，尤其是在中午。