Abstract

Background

When patients with gastroenteritis (GE) seek health care, they are generally managed in primary care. Little is known about the use of antibiotic treatment in these cases.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate time trends and patient characteristics associated with antibiotic treatment for GE in Norwegian primary care in a 10-year period.

Methods

We linked data from two nationwide registries, reimbursement claims data from Norwegian primary care (the KUHR database) and The Norwegian Prescription Database, for the period 2006–15. GE consultations were extracted, and courses of systemic antibiotics dispensed within 1 day were included for further analyses.

Results

Antibiotic treatment was linked to 1.8% (n = 23 663) of the 1 279 867 consultations for GE in Norwegian primary care in the period 2006–15. The proportion of GE consultations with antibiotic treatment increased from 1.4% in 2006 to 2.2% in 2012 and then decreased to 1.8% in 2015. Fluoroquinolones (28.9%) and metronidazole (26.8%) were most frequently used. Whereas the number of fluoroquinolones courses decreased after 2012, the number of metronidazole courses continued to increase until year 2015. The antibiotic treatment proportion of GE consultations was lowest in young children and increased with increasing age.

Conclusion

Antibiotic treatment is infrequently used in GE consultations in Norwegian primary care. Although there was an overall increase in use during the study period, we observed a reduction in overall use after year 2012. Young children were treated with antibiotics in GE consultations less frequent than older patients.

中文翻译：

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2006-15 年挪威一般实践和非工作时间服务中的胃肠炎抗生素

摘要

背景

当胃肠炎 (GE) 患者寻求医疗保健时，他们通常在初级保健中进行管理。在这些病例中使用抗生素治疗知之甚少。

客观的

本研究的目的是调查 10 年内挪威初级保健中与 GE 抗生素治疗相关的时间趋势和患者特征。

方法

我们将 2006-15 年期间来自两个全国性登记处的数据、来自挪威初级保健（KUHR 数据库）和挪威处方数据库的报销索赔数据联系起来。提取 GE 会诊，并将 1 天内分配的全身抗生素疗程包括在内以进行进一步分析。

结果

在 2006-15 年期间，挪威初级保健中的 1 279 867 次 GE 咨询中，抗生素治疗与 1.8% ( n = 23 663) 有关。GE咨询抗生素治疗的比例从2006年的1.4%上升到2012年的2.2%，然后在2015年下降到1.8%。氟喹诺酮类（28.9%）和甲硝唑（26.8%）是最常用的。尽管氟喹诺酮类药物的疗程数在 2012 年之后有所减少，但甲硝唑的疗程数一直持续到 2015 年。GE 咨询的抗生素治疗比例在幼儿中最低，并且随着年龄的增长而增加。

结论

在挪威初级保健的 GE 咨询中很少使用抗生素治疗。尽管在研究期间总体使用量有所增加，但我们观察到 2012 年后总体使用量有所减少。在 GE 咨询中，幼儿接受抗生素治疗的频率低于老年患者。