Considering the importance of the canine cancer model of human disease, as well as the need for strategies for canine cancer management, the properties of exosomes are an emerging topic in canine oncology. In our study, exosomal RNA was isolated and investigated by next-generation sequencing. We identified several differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the exosomes of two melanoma cell lines compared with non-tumor reference exosomes. We explored these potential melanoma-specific exosomal miRNAs further and found that miR-143 and let-7b increased in primary, whereas miR-210, 708, 221, and 222 increased in metastatic site originated melanoma cells. Further analysis showed miR-143 and 221 significantly increased in plasma exosomes of metastatic melanoma patients. Moreover, the sensitivity and specificity are >85% for differentiating the non-metastatic and metastatic patients. Therefore, these miRNAs can be an incredible biomarker candidate to identify metastatic melanoma and facilitate a better prognosis.

中文翻译：

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鉴定黑色素瘤特异性外泌体 miRNA 作为犬口腔黑色素瘤的潜在生物标志物

考虑到人类疾病犬类癌症模型的重要性，以及对犬类癌症管理策略的需求，外泌体的特性是犬类肿瘤学中的一个新兴话题。在我们的研究中，通过下一代测序分离和研究外泌体 RNA。与非肿瘤参考外泌体相比，我们在两种黑色素瘤细胞系的外泌体中鉴定了几种差异表达的 microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs)。我们进一步探索了这些潜在的黑色素瘤特异性外泌体 miRNA，发现 miR-143 和 let-7b 在原发性黑色素瘤细胞中增加，而 miR-210、708、221 和 222 在转移部位起源的黑色素瘤细胞中增加。进一步分析显示，转移性黑色素瘤患者的血浆外泌体中 miR-143 和 221 显着增加。此外，敏感性和特异性> 85% 用于区分非转移性和转移性患者。因此，这些 miRNA 可以成为一种令人难以置信的生物标志物候选物，用于识别转移性黑色素瘤并促进更好的预后。