Spatial and temporal variability of water table dynamics in an afforested catchment of the Central Spanish Pyrenees,Hydrological Processes

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Spatial and temporal variability of water table dynamics in an afforested catchment of the Central Spanish Pyrenees
Hydrological Processes ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-16 , DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14311
C. Juez ₁ , E. Nadal‐Romero ₁ , E. L. H. Cammeraat ₂ , D. Regüés ₁

Affiliation

Human-induced afforestation has been one of the main policies for environmental management of farmland abandonment in Mediterranean areas. Over the last decades, several studies have reviewed the impact of afforestation activities on geomorphological and hydrological responses and soil properties, although few studies have evaluated the effects on water table dynamics. In parallel to human-induced afforestation activities, natural revegetation occurred in abandoned fields and in fields where the intensity of human activity declined, driving the expansion of shrubs. This research addresses the spatial and temporal variability of water table dynamics in a small afforested sub-catchment located in the Central Spanish Pyrenees. Differences between afforestation (Pinus nigra and Pinus sylvestris) and natural plant colonization (shrubs, mainly Genista scorpius, Buxus sempervirens, and Juniperus communis) and early abandoned meadows (G. scorpius), are analysed in terms of runoff generation and seasonal water table depth dynamics. Precipitation, runoff and water table datasets recorded for the 2014–2019 period are used. Results show a high temporal and spatial variability with large fluctuations in discharge and water table. Groundwater dynamics varied markedly over the year, identifying a wet and dry period with different responses suggesting different runoff generation processes (Hortonian flow during dry and wet periods, and saturation excess runoff during wet conditions). Furthermore, important differences are noted among the various land cover types: (i) in the natural revegetation area (shrubland and meadows) a marked seasonal cycle was observed with short saturation periods during winter and spring; and (ii) in the afforestation areas, the water table dynamics showed a seasonal cycle with a high variability, with fast responses and rapid oscillations. Likewise, the relationship between the depth of water table and hydrological variables was not straightforward, suggesting complex hydrological behaviour.

中文翻译：

西班牙比利牛斯中部绿化集水区地下水位动态的时空变化

人为造林一直是地中海地区农田废弃环境管理的主要政策之一。在过去的几十年里，一些研究回顾了造林活动对地貌和水文响应以及土壤特性的影响，尽管很少有研究评估对地下水位动态的影响。在人为造林活动的同时，废弃田地和人类活动强度下降的田地发生了自然重新植被，从而推动了灌木的扩张。这项研究解决了位于西班牙比利牛斯中部的一个小型绿化子流域中地下水位动态的时空变化。造林（黑松和樟子松）的区别）和天然植物定植（灌木，主要是Genista scorpius、Buxus sempervirens和Juniperus community）和早期废弃的草地（G . scorpius ）)，根据径流生成和季节性地下水位深度动态进行分析。使用了 2014-2019 年期间记录的降水、径流和地下水位数据集。结果表明，流量和地下水位波动较大，时空变异性很大。地下水动态在一年中显着变化，确定了具有不同响应的干湿期，表明不同的径流生成过程（干湿期的霍顿流量，以及湿条件下的饱和过量径流）。此外，还注意到各种土地覆盖类型之间存在重要差异：(i) 在自然再植被区（灌木地和草地），观察到明显的季节性周期，冬季和春季的饱和期较短；(ii) 在造林区，地下水位动态显示出具有高度可变性、快速响应和快速振荡的季节性循环。同样，地下水位深度与水文变量之间的关系并不简单，表明水文行为复杂。

更新日期：2021-08-10

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