In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down parts of the Voting Rights Act that mandated federal oversight of election laws in discriminatory jurisdictions, prompting a spate of controversial new voting rules. Utilizing difference-in-differences to examine the Act's 1975 revision, I provide the first estimates of the effects of "preclearance" oversight. I find that preclearance increased long-run voter turnout by 4-8 percentage points, due to lasting gains in minority participation. Surprisingly, Democratic support dropped sharply in areas subject to oversight. Using historical survey and newspaper data, I provide evidence that this was the result of political backlash among racially conservative whites.

中文翻译：

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40 年前的事实仍然重要吗？《投票权法案》下联邦监督的长期影响

2013 年，最高法院废除了《投票权法》中规定联邦对歧视性司法管辖区的选举法进行监督的部分内容，引发了一系列有争议的新投票规则。利用差异中的差异来检查该法案的 1975 年修订版，我提供了对“预先批准”监督影响的初步估计。我发现，由于少数族裔参与的持续增长，预先批准将长期选民投票率提高了 4-8 个百分点。令人惊讶的是，民主党在受监管领域的支持率急剧下降。使用历史调查和报纸数据，我提供证据表明这是种族保守的白人政治反弹的结果。