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Acting Irrespective of Hope
Kantian Review ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-04 , DOI: 10.1017/s1369415420000357
Fabian Freyenhagen

Must we ascribe hope for better times to those who (take themselves to) act morally? Kant and later theorists in the Frankfurt School tradition thought we must. In this article, I disclose that it is possible – and ethical – to refrain from ascribing hope in all such cases. I draw on two key examples of acting irrespective of hope: one from a recent political context and one from the life of Jean Améry. I also suggest that, once we see that it is possible to make sense of (what I call) ‘merely expressive acts’, we can also see that the early Frankfurt School was not guilty of a performative contradiction in seeking to enlighten Enlightenment about its (self-)destructive tendencies, while rejecting the (providential) idea of progress.

中文翻译:

不顾希望的行动

我们是否必须将美好时代的希望归功于那些(自食其力)道德行为的人?康德和后来法兰克福学派传统的理论家认为我们必须这样做。在这篇文章中,我透露,在所有此类情况下,避免寄希望于一切是可能的——而且是合乎道德的。我举了两个不顾希望行事的关键例子:一个来自最近的政治背景,另一个来自让·阿梅里的生活。我还建议,一旦我们看到有可能理解(我所说的)“纯粹的表现行为”,我们也可以看到早期的法兰克福学派是不是在寻求启蒙启蒙关于其(自我)破坏倾向的启蒙运动,同时拒绝进步的(天意的)观念时,犯了表演上的矛盾。
更新日期:2020-12-04
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