Two group studies tested the mediating role of perceived diversity in the link between actual demographic composition and an individual’s identification with a small group. In these studies, a new type of dyadic perceived diversity—self-to-other perceived similarity—is introduced and measured. Further, a group actor partner interdependence model (GAPIM) approach was used to test mediation of the link between actual demographic composition and identification by perceived self-to-other similarity. In Study 1, 4- and 5-person small groups varying in gender composition interacted face-to-face. Results showed mediation of the effect of similarity in gender on group identification by self-to-other similarity. In Study 2, race and gender were experimentally manipulated by showing pictures of other group members with whom the participants expected to interact. Study 2 found evidence for mediation of the effect of gender similarity as well as effects of racial composition on identification by perceived self-to-other similarity. Complexities due to intersecting identities and levels of analysis inherent in psychological group research are discussed and future research directions are suggested.

中文翻译：

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将自我与他人的相似性视为性别和种族构成对小群体认同的影响的中介。

两项小组研究测试了感知多样性在实际人口构成与个人对小团体的认同之间的联系中的中介作用。在这些研究中，引入并测量了一种新型的二元感知多样性——自我与他人感知的相似性。此外，使用群体参与者合作伙伴相互依赖模型 (GAPIM) 方法来测试实际人口构成与通过感知到的自我与他人相似性进行识别之间的联系的中介作用。在研究 1 中，性别构成不同的 4 人和 5 人小组进行了面对面的互动。结果表明，性别相似性对群体认同的影响通过自我与他人的相似性起中介作用。在研究 2 中，通过展示参与者期望与之互动的其他小组成员的照片，对种族和性别进行了实验操纵。研究 2 通过感知的自我与他人的相似性发现了性别相似性影响以及种族构成对认同的影响的中介证据。讨论了心理群体研究中固有的交叉身份和分析水平造成的复杂性，并提出了未来的研究方向。