Although drivers gain experience with age, many older drivers are faced with age-related deteriorations that can lead to a higher crash risk. Head-Up Displays (HUDs) have been linked to significant improvements in driving performance for older drivers by tackling issues related to aging. For this study, two Augmented Reality (AR) HUD virtual car navigation solutions were tested (one screen-fixed, one world-fixed), aiming to improve navigation performance and reduce the discrepancy between younger and older drivers by aiding the appropriate allocation of attention and easing interpretation of navigational information. Twenty-five participants (12 younger, 13 older) undertook a series of drives within a medium-fidelity simulator with three different navigational conditions (virtual car HUD, static HUD arrow graphic, and traditional head-down satnav). Results showed that older drivers tended to achieve navigational success rates similar to the younger group, but experienced higher objective mental workload. Solely for the static HUD arrow graphic, differences in most workload questionnaire items and objective workload between younger and older participants were not significant. The virtual car led to improved navigation performance of all drivers, compared to the other systems. Hence, both AR HUD systems show potential for older drivers, which needs to be further investigated in a real-world driving context.

中文翻译：

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在平视显示器中使用新型导航系统时驾驶员年龄影响的调查

尽管驾驶员随着年龄的增长而获得经验，但许多年长的驾驶员面临着与年龄相关的恶化，这可能导致更高的碰撞风险。平视显示器 (HUD) 通过解决与老龄化相关的问题，显着提高了老年驾驶员的驾驶性能。在这项研究中，测试了两种增强现实 (AR) HUD 虚拟汽车导航解决方案（一种固定屏幕，一种固定世界），旨在通过帮助适当的注意力分配来提高导航性能并减少年轻和年长驾驶员之间的差异并简化导航信息的解释。25 名参与者（12 岁以下，13 岁以上）在具有三种不同导航条件（虚拟汽车 HUD、静态 HUD 箭头图形和传统的低头卫星导航）的中等保真模拟器中进行了一系列驾驶。结果表明，年长的驾驶员往往获得与年轻群体相似的导航成功率，但经历了更高的客观心理工作量。仅就静态 HUD 箭头图形而言，大多数工作量问卷项目和年轻和年长参与者之间的客观工作量差异并不显着。与其他系统相比，虚拟汽车提高了所有驾驶员的导航性能。因此，这两个 AR HUD 系统都显示出适合老年驾驶员的潜力，这需要在现实世界的驾驶环境中进一步研究。大多数工作量问卷项目和年轻和年长参与者之间的客观工作量差异并不显着。与其他系统相比，虚拟汽车提高了所有驾驶员的导航性能。因此，这两个 AR HUD 系统都显示出适合老年驾驶员的潜力，这需要在现实世界的驾驶环境中进一步研究。大多数工作量问卷项目和年轻和年长参与者之间的客观工作量差异并不显着。与其他系统相比，虚拟汽车提高了所有驾驶员的导航性能。因此，这两个 AR HUD 系统都显示出适合老年驾驶员的潜力，这需要在现实世界的驾驶环境中进一步研究。