Abstract In an open channel with a mobile bed, intense transport of bed load is associated with high-concentrated sediment-laden flow over a plane surface of the eroded bed due to high bed shear. Typically, the flow exhibits a layered internal structure in which virtually all sediment grains are transported through a collisional layer above the bed. Our investigation focuses on steady uniform turbulent open-channel flow with a developed collisional transport layer and combines modelling and experiment to relate integral quantities, as the discharge of solids, discharge of mixture, and flow depth with the longitudinal slope of the bed and the internal structure of the flow above the bed. A transport model is presented which considers flow with the internal structure described by linear vertical distributions of granular velocity and concentration across the collisional layer. The model employs constitutive relations based on the classical kinetic theory of granular flows selected by our previous experimental testing as appropriate for the flow and transport conditions under consideration. For given slope and depth of the flow, the model predicts the total discharge and the discharge of sediment. The model also predicts the layered structure of the flow, giving the thickness of the dense layer, collisional layer, and water layer. Model predictions are compared with results of intense bed-load experiment carried out for lightweight sediment in our laboratory tilting flume.

中文翻译：

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强床重碰撞运输模型

摘要 在具有移动床层的明渠中，由于床层剪切力大，床层荷载的强烈传输与侵蚀床层平面上的高浓度沉积物流动有关。通常，流动呈现出分层的内部结构，其中几乎所有的沉积物颗粒都通过床层上方的碰撞层传输。我们的研究侧重于具有发达碰撞传输层的稳定均匀湍流明渠流，并结合建模和实验来关联积分量，如固体排放、混合物排放和流动深度与床的纵向坡度和内部床层上方的流动结构。提出了一种传输模型，该模型考虑了内部结构的流动，该内部结构由穿过碰撞层的颗粒速度和浓度的线性垂直分布描述。该模型采用基于颗粒流的经典动力学理论的本构关系，这些理论是我们之前的实验测试选择的，适用于所考虑的流动和运输条件。对于给定的坡度和水流深度，该模型预测总流量和沉积物的流量。该模型还预测了流动的分层结构，给出了致密层、碰撞层和水层的厚度。模型预测与我们实验室倾斜水槽中轻质沉积物的强烈床载实验结果进行了比较。该模型采用基于颗粒流的经典动力学理论的本构关系，这些理论是我们之前的实验测试选择的，适用于所考虑的流动和运输条件。对于给定的坡度和水流深度，该模型预测总流量和沉积物的流量。该模型还预测了流动的分层结构，给出了致密层、碰撞层和水层的厚度。模型预测与我们实验室倾斜水槽中轻质沉积物的强烈床载实验结果进行了比较。该模型采用基于颗粒流的经典动力学理论的本构关系，这些理论是我们之前的实验测试选择的，适用于所考虑的流动和运输条件。对于给定的坡度和水流深度，该模型预测总流量和沉积物的流量。该模型还预测了流动的分层结构，给出了致密层、碰撞层和水层的厚度。模型预测与我们实验室倾斜水槽中轻质沉积物的强烈床载实验结果进行了比较。该模型预测总流量和沉积物的流量。该模型还预测了流动的分层结构，给出了致密层、碰撞层和水层的厚度。模型预测与我们实验室倾斜水槽中轻质沉积物的强烈床载实验结果进行了比较。该模型预测总流量和沉积物的流量。该模型还预测了流动的分层结构，给出了致密层、碰撞层和水层的厚度。模型预测与我们实验室倾斜水槽中轻质沉积物的强烈床载实验结果进行了比较。