A state-led industrialization push inspired by the East Asian ‘developmental state’ model is at the centre of Ethiopia’s recent economic success. This model has historically proved potent for achieving rapid industrialization, but the business-state alliance at the heart of the model generally aimed to curb the power of labour. Focusing on textile and leather manufacturing in Ethiopia, this article addresses two questions: are workers capable of extracting gains from the process of industrialization, and have the actions of workers affected global value chain integration in the two industries? Our data shows that opportunities for collective voice among workers are limited. However, workers have expressed their discontent by leaving employers when working conditions fail to meet their expectations. The resulting turnover has generated significant obstacles for local and foreign firms attempting to participate in global value chains. In response, the Ethiopian state and employers implemented a number of measures, including restrictions on emigration and more generous non-wage benefits. Recent research on global value chains and labour highlights how workers are able to influence work practices through individual action. The present article builds on these ideas, but shows that firms and governments have the ability to respond and limit this power.

中文翻译：

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埃塞俄比亚纺织和皮革行业的劳动力挑战：没有发言权、没有忠诚度、没有退出？

受东亚“发展型国家”模式启发的国家主导的工业化推动是埃塞俄比亚近期经济成功的核心。历史证明，这种模式对于实现快速工业化是有效的，但该模式核心的企业-国家联盟通常旨在遏制劳动力的力量。本文以埃塞俄比亚的纺织和皮革制造业为重点，解决两个问题：工人是否能够从工业化过程中获取收益，工人的行为是否影响了这两个行业的全球价值链整合？我们的数据显示，工人之间集体发言的机会是有限的。然而，当工作条件未能达到他们的期望时，工人通过离开雇主表达了他们的不满。由此产生的营业额给试图参与全球价值链的本地和外国公司带来了重大障碍。作为回应，埃塞俄比亚国家和雇主实施了一系列措施，包括限制移民和更慷慨的非工资福利。最近关于全球价值链和劳动力的研究强调了工人如何通过个人行动影响工作实践。本文建立在这些想法的基础上，但表明公司和政府有能力应对和限制这种权力。最近对全球价值链和劳动力的研究强调了工人如何通过个人行动影响工作实践。本文建立在这些想法的基础上，但表明公司和政府有能力应对和限制这种权力。最近对全球价值链和劳动力的研究强调了工人如何通过个人行动影响工作实践。本文建立在这些想法的基础上，但表明公司和政府有能力应对和限制这种权力。