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Appropriate Time to Measure Leaf and Stem Water Potential in North-South Oriented, Vertically Shoot-Positioned Vineyards
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture ( IF 2.630 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 , DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2020.20020
Tian Tian , R. Paul Schreiner

The diurnal changes in vine water status and the appropriate time of day to measure leaf water potential (LWP) and stem water potential (SWP) were examined in Willamette Valley vineyards with north-south (N-S) oriented rows employing a single curtain, vertically shoot-positioned (VSP) canopy. Measurements of LWP and SWP were performed on Chardonnay and Pinot noir grapevines on seven cloudless days between bloom and harvest over two years. On warm days, LWP reached the daily minimum value by midday (1300 hr) and remained there for a longer duration when vines experienced moderate water stress (LWP < -1.20 MPa) than minor water stress (LWP > -1.20 MPa). However, on cool days, LWP reached the daily minimum later in the day (1400 hr to 1500 hr) in both stressed and unstressed vines. SWP reached the daily minimum level late in the day (1400 hr to 1600 hr) under all conditions and even increased between late morning and midday on two occasions. Thus, measuring SWP at midday consistently underestimates the greatest level of water stress experienced by vines in N-S oriented, VSP canopies. Results of this study show that LWP can be determined over a four-hour period starting at midday on warm sunny days when vines experience a moderate level of water stress: conditions when it is most critical to assess vine water status to schedule irrigation. SWP should be measured in the two-hour period between 1500 hr and 1700 hr under all conditions tested here in N-S oriented, VSP canopies.

中文翻译:

测量南北向、垂直射击​​定位葡萄园的叶和茎水分势的适当时间

在威拉米特谷葡萄园中,采用单帘垂直拍摄的南北向 (NS) 行,检查葡萄藤水分状况的昼夜变化以及测量叶水势 (LWP) 和茎水势 (SWP) 的适当时间-定位(VSP)顶篷。LWP 和 SWP 的测量是在霞多丽和黑比诺葡萄藤上在两年内开花和收获之间的 7 天无云期间进行的。在温暖的日子里,LWP 在中午(1300 小时)达到每日最小值,并且当葡萄藤经历中度水分胁迫(LWP < -1.20 MPa)比轻度水分胁迫(LWP > -1.20 MPa)时,LWP 在该值保持更长的时间。然而,在凉爽的日子里,压力和非压力葡萄藤的 LWP 在当天晚些时候(1400 小时到 1500 小时)达到最低。在所有条件下,SWP 在当天晚些时候(1400 小时至 1600 小时)达到每日最低水平,甚至在上午晚些时候和中午之间有两次增加。因此,在中午测量 SWP 始终低估了葡萄藤在 NS 导向的 VSP 树冠中经历的最大水分压力水平。这项研究的结果表明,可以在温暖晴天的正午开始,当葡萄藤经历中等程度的水分胁迫时,在四个小时的时间内确定 LWP:评估葡萄藤水分状况以安排灌溉最关键的条件。SWP 应在 1500 小时和 1700 小时之间的两小时内在 NS 导向 VSP 檐篷中测试的所有条件下测量。在中午测量 SWP 始终低估了葡萄藤在 NS 导向的 VSP 树冠中经历的最大水分压力水平。这项研究的结果表明,可以在温暖晴天的正午开始,当葡萄藤经历中等程度的水分胁迫时,在四个小时的时间内确定 LWP:评估葡萄藤水分状况以安排灌溉最关键的条件。SWP 应在 1500 小时和 1700 小时之间的两小时内在 NS 导向 VSP 檐篷中测试的所有条件下测量。在中午测量 SWP 始终低估了葡萄藤在 NS 导向的 VSP 树冠中经历的最大水分压力水平。这项研究的结果表明,可以在温暖晴天的中午开始,当葡萄藤经历中等水平的水分胁迫时,在四个小时的时间内确定 LWP:评估葡萄藤水分状况以安排灌溉最关键的条件。SWP 应在 1500 小时和 1700 小时之间的两小时内在 NS 导向 VSP 檐篷中测试的所有条件下测量。评估葡萄树水分状况以安排灌溉最关键的条件。SWP 应在 1500 小时和 1700 小时之间的两小时内在 NS 导向 VSP 檐篷中测试的所有条件下测量。评估葡萄树水分状况以安排灌溉最关键的条件。SWP 应在 1500 小时和 1700 小时之间的两小时内在 NS 导向 VSP 檐篷中测试的所有条件下测量。
更新日期:2020-10-09
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