Wild Vitis spp. and their interspecific hybrids are known to have high malate concentrations at sugar maturity as compared to domesticated Vitis vinifera, but it is unknown if differences in malate at harvest among species arise from differences in malate accumulation or degradation. Over two years, fruit from Vitis riparia and Vitis cinerea accessions along with commercial V. vinifera and interspecific hybrid cultivars were collected at multiple time points. In contrast to the well-known biphasic behavior of malate in V. vinifera (preveraison accumulation, postveraison degradation), we observed a range of behaviors for malate in wild species. On average, V. riparia accessions had malate per berry comparable to V. vinifera just prior to veraison, but degraded malate to a much lesser extent. V. cinerea accessions had lower malate prior to veraison than other species but showed an increase in malate from pre- to postveraison. Variation in postveraison malate behavior appears related to diminished malate degradation in the mesocarp of wild Vitis spp. Our results indicate that studies of malate behavior in Vitis spp. and their hybrids should include both pre- and postveraison time points.

中文翻译：

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野生葡萄中的苹果酸含量。在浆果成熟过程中表现出一系列行为

野生葡萄属植物 与驯化的葡萄相比，它们的种间杂种在糖成熟时具有高苹果酸浓度，但尚不清楚不同物种收获时苹果酸的差异是否源于苹果酸积累或降解的差异。两年多来，在多个时间点收集了河岸葡萄和灰葡萄品种的果实以及商业葡萄和种间杂交品种。与 V. vinifera 中众所周知的苹果酸的双相行为（preveraison 积累，postveraison 降解）相比，我们观察到了野生物种中苹果酸的一系列行为。平均而言，V. riparia 种质每个浆果的苹果酸含量与刚刚转色前的 V. vinifera 相当，但苹果酸的降解程度要小得多。五、cinerea 种质在变种前的苹果酸含量低于其他物种，但从变种前到变种后的苹果酸含量增加。变种后苹果酸行为的变化似乎与野生葡萄属中果皮中苹果酸降解减少有关。我们的结果表明，对葡萄属植物苹果酸行为的研究。并且他们的混合体应该包括改造前和改造后的时间点。