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Impacts of Early Leaf Removal and Cluster Thinning on Grüner Veltliner Production, Fruit Composition, and Vine Health
American Journal of Enology and Viticulture ( IF 2.630 ) Pub Date : 2019-03-19 , DOI: 10.5344/ajev.2019.18100
Maria S. Smith , Michela Centinari

A traditional crop load regulation technique, cluster thinning (CT), was compared to a more innovative technique, early leaf removal (ELR) applied either at trace bloom (TBLR) or fruit set (FSLR), on high-yielding and vigorous Vitis vinifera cv. Grüner Veltliner. Treatment effects on key production parameters, Botrytis bunch rot, tolerance to winter temperatures, and production costs were evaluated and compared to an untreated control over two years. Compared to CT, we hypothesized that ELR would improve fruit composition, reduce Botrytis bunch rot, and decrease grower costs. Yield regulation imposed by CT was significantly higher (39.3%) than that of TBLR (12.6%) or FSLR (13.3%), but neither CT nor ELR consistently improved fruit chemistry. Our results suggest that the number of leaves removed (five) at trace bloom or fruit set was insufficient to induce a carbohydrate-limiting response, as ELR vines did not have lower fruit set or bud fruitfulness. Concurrently, TBLR and FSLR vines did not show recovery mechanisms such as greater production of lateral leaves or higher shoot efficiency. Although the overall level of bunch rot severity was lower than 5%, ELR consistently decreased bunch rot intensity (TBLR, FSLR) and severity (FSLR). TBLR also improved bud freezing tolerance during vine acclimation in both years. CT was the most expensive treatment, and the lack of a consistent improvement in fruit chemical composition or tolerance to winter temperatures indicated that Grüner Veltliner can properly ripen more than one cluster/shoot.

中文翻译:

早期叶片去除和簇间疏伐对 Grüner Veltliner 生产、果实成分和葡萄藤健康的影响

将传统的作物负荷调节技术簇间疏 (CT) 与更具创新性的技术进行比较,即在微量开花 (TBLR) 或坐果 (FSLR) 时对高产和旺盛的葡萄进行早期除叶 (ELR)简历。绿维特利纳。评估了处理对关键生产参数、Botrytis 丛腐病、对冬季温度的耐受性和生产成本的影响,并与两年内未经处理的对照进行了比较。与 CT 相比,我们假设 ELR 会改善果实成分,减少葡萄孢菌腐烂,并降低种植者成本。CT 施加的产量调节 (39.3%) 显着高于 TBLR (12.6%) 或 FSLR (13.3%),但 CT 和 ELR 均未持续改善果实化学性质。我们的结果表明,在微量开花或坐果时去除的叶子数量(五片)不足以诱导碳水化合物限制反应,因为 ELR 葡萄藤没有较低的坐果或芽果实。同时,TBLR 和 FSLR 葡萄藤没有表现出恢复机制,例如更多的侧叶产量或更高的枝条效率。尽管串腐严重程度的总体水平低于 5%,但 ELR 始终降低串腐强度(TBLR,FSLR)和严重程度(FSLR)。TBLR 还提高了这两年葡萄树驯化过程中的芽冻耐受性。CT 是最昂贵的处理方法,水果化学成分或对冬季温度的耐受性缺乏持续改善,这表明 Grüner Veltliner 可以适当地催熟不止一个簇/芽。因为 ELR 葡萄树的坐果率或芽果率不低。同时,TBLR 和 FSLR 葡萄藤没有表现出恢复机制,例如更多的侧叶产量或更高的枝条效率。尽管串腐严重程度的总体水平低于 5%,但 ELR 始终降低串腐强度(TBLR,FSLR)和严重程度(FSLR)。TBLR 还提高了这两年葡萄树驯化过程中的芽冻耐受性。CT 是最昂贵的处理方法,水果化学成分或对冬季温度的耐受性缺乏持续改善,这表明 Grüner Veltliner 可以适当地催熟不止一个簇/芽。因为 ELR 葡萄树的坐果率或芽果率不低。同时,TBLR 和 FSLR 葡萄藤没有表现出恢复机制,例如更多的侧叶产量或更高的枝条效率。尽管串腐严重程度的总体水平低于 5%,但 ELR 始终降低串腐强度(TBLR,FSLR)和严重程度(FSLR)。TBLR 还提高了这两年葡萄树驯化过程中的芽冻耐受性。CT 是最昂贵的处理方法,水果化学成分或对冬季温度的耐受性缺乏持续改善,这表明 Grüner Veltliner 可以适当地催熟不止一个簇/芽。尽管串腐严重程度的总体水平低于 5%,但 ELR 始终降低串腐强度(TBLR,FSLR)和严重程度(FSLR)。TBLR 还提高了这两年葡萄树驯化过程中的芽冻耐受性。CT 是最昂贵的处理方法,水果化学成分或对冬季温度的耐受性缺乏持续改善,这表明 Grüner Veltliner 可以适当地催熟不止一个簇/芽。尽管串腐严重程度的总体水平低于 5%,但 ELR 始终降低串腐强度(TBLR,FSLR)和严重程度(FSLR)。TBLR 还提高了这两年葡萄树驯化过程中的芽冻耐受性。CT 是最昂贵的处理方法,水果化学成分或对冬季温度的耐受性缺乏持续改善,这表明 Grüner Veltliner 可以适当地催熟不止一个簇/芽。
更新日期:2019-03-19
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