Fermented beverages are frequently contaminated with histamine produced by lactic acid bacteria exhibiting histidine decarboxylase activity. In wine, the presence of histamine is associated with a lack of hygiene during the winemaking process. Determination of histamine is important because it can be toxic to humans. Therefore, we developed two rapid, inexpensive, and simple methods—a colorimetric technique and a thin-layer chromatography technique—to determine histamine concentration in wine and culture medium without the need for complicated extraction procedures. The new colorimetric method showed a good correlation between absorbance and histamine concentration in the range of 1.0 to 100 mg/L of histamine in wine and Moeller culture broth samples (r2 = 0.9981 and 0.9941, respectively). Thin-layer chromatography with a new visualization reagent also demonstrated a good correlation between histamine concentrations of 5.0 to 100 mg/L and absorbance (r2 = 0.9882 and 0.9839 for wine and Moeller culture broth samples, respectively). Both methods showed a high correlation with ELISA (colorimetric method: r2 = 0.9972; thin-layer chromatography: 0.9968) and exhibited good histamine recovery (higher than 87%). The detection limits of the new methods were comparable to those of existing analytical methods. Both methods seem suitable for routine analysis to monitor histamine in any research or quality-control laboratory.

中文翻译：

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葡萄酒和培养基中组胺定量的新型快速方法

发酵饮料经常被表现出组氨酸脱羧酶活性的乳酸菌产生的组胺污染。在葡萄酒中，组胺的存在与酿酒过程中缺乏卫生有关。组胺的测定很重要，因为它可能对人类有毒。因此，我们开发了两种快速、廉价且简单的方法——比色技术和薄层色谱技术——无需复杂的提取程序即可测定葡萄酒和培养基中的组胺浓度。新的比色法显示，在葡萄酒和 Moeller 培养肉汤样品中 1.0 至 100 mg/L 组胺的范围内，吸光度与组胺浓度之间具有良好的相关性（r2 分别为 0.9981 和 0.9941）。使用新型可视化试剂的薄层色谱也证明了 5.0 至 100 mg/L 的组胺浓度与吸光度之间存在良好的相关性（葡萄酒和莫勒培养液样品的 r2 分别为 0.9882 和 0.9839）。两种方法均显示出与 ELISA 的高度相关性（比色法：r2 = 0.9972；薄层色谱法：0.9968）并表现出良好的组胺回收率（高于 87%）。新方法的检测限与现有分析方法的检测限相当。这两种方法似乎都适用于在任何研究或质量控制实验室中监测组胺的常规分析。两种方法均显示出与 ELISA 的高度相关性（比色法：r2 = 0.9972；薄层色谱法：0.9968）并表现出良好的组胺回收率（高于 87%）。新方法的检测限与现有分析方法的检测限相当。这两种方法似乎都适用于在任何研究或质量控制实验室中监测组胺的常规分析。两种方法均显示出与 ELISA 的高度相关性（比色法：r2 = 0.9972；薄层色谱法：0.9968）并表现出良好的组胺回收率（高于 87%）。新方法的检测限与现有分析方法的检测限相当。这两种方法似乎都适用于在任何研究或质量控制实验室中监测组胺的常规分析。