Although research shows higher levels of perceived academic control are associated with academic adjustment in the first year of university, little is known about how changes in perceived control over multiple years relate to longitudinal university dropout and grades. Thus, our 3-year study (N = 1,007) examined whether changes in perceived control predicted university dropout and whether this relationship was mediated by university grade point average (GPA). Latent change score models showed that although first-year perceived control declined on average, there were high levels of variability between students, so that perceptions of control increased for some students. Discrete time survival analysis models showed that such positive changes in perceived control were associated with reduced dropout rates. Increases in perceived control also predicted higher subsequent university grades. Finally, we confirmed that the relationship between perceived control and dropout was mediated by university grades. Findings advance the literature in highlighting longitudinal linkages between perceived academic control and university grades and their influence on subsequent dropout. Implications for instructors and institutions to support adequate control perceptions, especially in the first academic year, are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)

中文翻译：

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将感知到的学术控制的变化与大学辍学和大学成绩联系起来：一种纵向方法。

尽管研究表明更高水平的感知学术控制与大学第一年的学业调整有关，但人们对多年感知控制的变化与纵向大学辍学和成绩的关系知之甚少。因此，我们为期 3 年的研究 (N = 1,007) 检验了感知控制的变化是否预测了大学辍学，以及这种关系是否受大学平均绩点 (GPA) 的影响。潜在变化评分模型显示，尽管第一年的感知控制平均下降，但学生之间存在高度可变性，因此某些学生的控制感知增加。离散时间生存分析模型表明，感知控制的这种积极变化与辍学率降低有关。感知控制的增加也预示着随后的大学成绩会更高。最后，我们证实感知控制和辍学之间的关系是由大学成绩介导的。研究结果推动了文献强调感知的学术控制和大学成绩之间的纵向联系及其对随后辍学的影响。讨论了教师和机构支持充分控制观念的意义，尤其是在第一学年。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）研究结果推动了文献强调感知的学术控制和大学成绩之间的纵向联系及其对随后辍学的影响。讨论了教师和机构支持充分控制观念的意义，尤其是在第一学年。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）研究结果推动了文献强调感知的学术控制和大学成绩之间的纵向联系及其对随后辍学的影响。讨论了教师和机构支持充分控制观念的意义，尤其是在第一学年。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）