Intraspecific Variation in Mercury, δ15N, and δ13C Among 3 Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) Populations in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula Region,Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

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Intraspecific Variation in Mercury, δ15N, and δ13C Among 3 Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) Populations in the Northern Antarctic Peninsula Region
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-15 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5166
Ashley C McKenzie ₁ , Anahí M Silvestro _{2,

3} , Lucas J Marti ₄ , Steven D Emslie ₁

Affiliation

Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive environmental contaminant that accumulates in the organs and tissues of seabirds at concentrations capable of causing acute or long-term adverse health effects. In the present study, Hg concentrations in Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) egg membranes and chick feathers served as a proxy for Hg bioavailability in the marine environment surrounding the northern Antarctic Peninsula. Stable isotopes were measured in conjunction with Hg to infer information regarding feeding habits (δ¹⁵N, diet/trophic level; δ¹³C, foraging habitat). The Hg concentrations were low relative to toxicity benchmark values associated with adverse health effects in birds and ranged between 0.006 and 0.080 µg g^–1 dry weight (n = 65) in egg membranes and 0.140 to 1.05 µg g^–1 fresh weight (n = 38) in feathers. Egg membrane δ¹⁵N signatures suggested that females from different breeding colonies had similar diets consisting of lower and higher trophic prey prior to arrival to breeding grounds. In contrast, δ¹⁵N signatures in feathers indicated that chick diet varied by colony. The Hg concentrations demonstrated significant positive relationships with δ¹⁵N, providing support for the hypothesis of Hg biomagnification up the food chain. The δ¹³C signatures in both tissue types provided evidence of foraging habitat segregation among populations. The differences in Hg exposure and foraging ecology suggest that each colony has localized foraging behaviors by breeding adults that warrant additional investigation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2791–2801. © 2021 SETAC

中文翻译：

南极半岛北部地区 3 只阿德利企鹅 (Pygoscelis adeliae) 种群中汞、δ15N 和 δ13C 的种内变化

汞 (Hg) 是一种普遍存在的环境污染物，它在海鸟的器官和组织中积累，其浓度能够导致急性或长期的不利健康影响。在本研究中，阿德利企鹅 ( Pygoscelis adeliae ) 卵膜和小鸡羽毛中的汞浓度可作为南极半岛北部海洋环境中汞生物利用度的代表。与汞一起测量稳定同位素以推断有关摄食习惯的信息（δ ¹⁵ N，饮食/营养水平；δ ¹³ C，觅食栖息地）。相对于与鸟类的不良健康影响相关的毒性基准值，汞浓度较低，介于 0.006 和 0.080 µg g ^–1干重之间（n = 65) 在卵膜中和 0.140 到 1.05 µg g ^–1鲜重 ( n = 38) 在羽毛中。卵膜 δ ¹⁵ N 特征表明，来自不同繁殖群落的雌性在到达繁殖地之前具有相似的饮食，包括较低和较高营养的猎物。相比之下，羽毛中的 δ ¹⁵ N 特征表明鸡的饮食因群体而异。^{汞浓度与 δ 15} N呈显着正相关，为汞在食物链上游生物放大的假设提供了支持。δ ¹³两种组织类型中的 C 特征提供了种群间觅食栖息地隔离的证据。汞暴露和觅食生态学的差异表明，每个群体都通过繁殖成虫来进行本地化的觅食行为，这需要进一步调查。 环境毒物化学2021；40:2791–2801。© 2021 SETAC

更新日期：2021-07-15

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