The first third of the twentieth century changed the therapeutical landscape with the emergence of new treatments for the mentally ill in asylums. However, the historiography of their use in Spanish psychiatric establishments has been scarcely studied. The popularization of barbiturate sleep therapies, insulin shock, cardiazol therapy, electroshock and leucotomy spread from the beginning of the century. However, the Spanish Civil War and Spain’s isolation during Franco’s autarky (1939–52) made their implementation difficult. Through historiographic research using medical records as documentary sources, this work analyses the socio-demographic conditions of the asylum population during the first decade of Franco’s dictatorship. The treatments used in Leganés Mental Asylum are described and are compared with those used in other Spanish psychiatric institutions.

20 世纪前 30 年，随着精神病院精神病患者新疗法的出现，治疗领域发生了翻天覆地的变化。然而，它们在西班牙精神病院使用的历史编纂几乎没有被研究过。巴比妥类睡眠疗法、胰岛素休克、强心唑疗法、电休克和白细胞切开术的普及从本世纪初开始。然而，西班牙内战和西班牙在佛朗哥自给自足（1939-52）期间的孤立使它们的实施变得困难。通过使用医疗记录作为文献来源的历史学研究，这项工作分析了佛朗哥独裁统治的第一个十年期间庇护人口的社会人口状况。