Oedometer tests and field emission scanning electron microscope tests of soft clay were carried out to study the microstructure evolution during consolidation process to evaluate the relationship between microstructure and macroscopic characteristics. The results show that many smaller aggregates appeared under consolidation pressure, and shapes of soil particles and pores became more complicated. Larger pores were much compressed under lower consolidation pressure while the number of small pores increased under higher consolidation pressure. Pore and soil particle diameters change with consolidation pressure, and the fractal dimensions based on these were used to describe the diameter differences between soil particles or pores. The fractal dimension of pore increased greatly when consolidation pressure was below 100 kPa, while that of soil particle changed slightly. The fractal dimension of pore decreased significantly while the fractal dimension of soil particle increased when consolidation pressure ranged from 100 kPa to 400 kPa. When consolidation pressure was larger than 400 kPa, the microstructure changed in a relatively small degree. The consolidation characteristics was related to the microstructure evolution and equations of macroscopic parameters expressed by microstructure parameters were investigated. The consolidation process of soft clay is divided into three stages: natural structural stage, restructuring stage and slight-change stage. It is important to study on consolidation characteristics of soft clay based on the three stages.

对软粘土进行了固结试验和场发射扫描电镜试验，研究了固结过程中的微观结构演变，评价了微观结构与宏观特征之间的关系。结果表明，在固结压力下出现了许多较小的团聚体，土壤颗粒和孔隙的形状变得更加复杂。较大的孔隙在较低的固结压力下压缩得更多，而在较高的固结压力下小孔隙的数量增加。孔隙和土壤颗粒直径随固结压力而变化，基于这些的分形维数被用来描述土壤颗粒或孔隙之间的直径差异。固结压力低于100 kPa时，孔隙分形维数大幅增加，而土壤颗粒则略有变化。当固结压力在100 kPa～400 kPa范围内时，孔隙的分形维数显着降低，而土颗粒的分形维数增加。当固结压力大于 400 kPa 时，显微组织变化幅度较小。固结特征与显微组织演化有关，研究了用显微组织参数表示的宏观参数方程。软粘土的固结过程分为三个阶段：自然构造阶段、重组阶段和微变阶段。基于三个阶段的软粘土固结特性研究具有重要意义。当固结压力在100 kPa～400 kPa范围内时，孔隙的分形维数显着降低，而土颗粒的分形维数增加。当固结压力大于 400 kPa 时，显微组织变化幅度较小。固结特征与显微组织演化有关，研究了用显微组织参数表示的宏观参数方程。软粘土的固结过程分为三个阶段：自然构造阶段、重组阶段和微变阶段。基于三个阶段的软粘土固结特性研究具有重要意义。当固结压力在100 kPa～400 kPa范围内时，孔隙的分形维数显着降低，而土颗粒的分形维数增加。当固结压力大于 400 kPa 时，显微组织变化幅度较小。固结特征与显微组织演化有关，研究了用显微组织参数表示的宏观参数方程。软粘土的固结过程分为三个阶段：自然构造阶段、重组阶段和微变阶段。基于三个阶段的软粘土固结特性研究具有重要意义。微观结构变化相对较小。固结特征与显微组织演化有关，研究了用显微组织参数表示的宏观参数方程。软粘土的固结过程分为三个阶段：自然构造阶段、重组阶段和微变阶段。基于三个阶段的软粘土固结特性研究具有重要意义。微观结构变化相对较小。固结特征与显微组织演化有关，研究了用显微组织参数表示的宏观参数方程。软粘土的固结过程分为三个阶段：自然构造阶段、重组阶段和微变阶段。基于三个阶段的软粘土固结特性研究具有重要意义。