Objective

(1) Examine the mobile applications that address lifestyles to improve the metabolic control of adult patients with diabetes mellitus. (2) Describe the characteristics of the used mobile applications, identify the healthy lifestyles they target, and describe any of their adverse effects.

Methods

Review systematic reviews. We included studies that used any mobile application to help patients improve diabetes mellitus self-management by focusing on healthy lifestyles. Studies needed to include a control group receiving regular care with no mobile devices. In May 2018, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, PsychINFO, Cinahl and Science Direct were searched, updated in June 2021. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed by the Amstar-2 tool.

Results

First 804 articles were analyzed to select 17 systematic reviews, of which the methodological quality of seven was high or moderate. Interventions lasted 1−12 months. Twenty-three different mobile applications were identified that were all related to eating and physical activity. Significant changes were noted in HbA1c values. No clear improvement was observed for weight/BMI, lipid profile, quality of life or blood pressure. No adverse effects were found.

Conclusions

Managing the lifestyle of patients with diabetes using mobile applications improves short-term glycemic control, but the long-term results are not conclusive. The identified mobile applications focus on food and physical activity. Most are free. No adverse effects caused by using them were identified.

PROSPERO register

CRD42019133685

中文翻译：

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移动应用程序在糖尿病患者健康生活方式中的有效性：系统评价综述

客观的

(1) 检查解决生活方式以改善成年糖尿病患者代谢控制的移动应用程序。(2) 描述所使用的移动应用程序的特征，确定它们所针对的健康生活方式，并描述它们的任何不利影响。

方法

审查系统评价。我们纳入了使用任何移动应用程序通过关注健康生活方式来帮助患者改善糖尿病自我管理的研究。研究需要包括在没有移动设备的情况下接受定期护理的对照组。2018 年 5 月，检索了 Medline、Embase、Cochrane、LILACS、PsychINFO、Cinahl 和 Science Direct，并于 2021 年 6 月更新。研究的方法学质量由 Amstar-2 工具评估。

结果

首先对804篇文章进行分析，选出17篇系统评价，其中方法学质量为高或中等的7篇。干预持续了 1-12 个月。确定了 23 种不同的移动应用程序，它们都与饮食和身体活动有关。HbA1c 值发生了显着变化。没有观察到体重/BMI、血脂、生活质量或血压的明显改善。没有发现不良反应。

结论

使用移动应用程序管理糖尿病患者的生活方式可改善短期血糖控制，但长期结果尚无定论。确定的移动应用程序专注于食物和身体活动。大多数都是免费的。没有发现使用它们造成的不利影响。

PROSPERO 注册

CRD42019133685