Deploying a high-frequency (HF) radar on one anchored floating platform for the maneuverability appears to be a good alternative. In this case, because the yaw rotation during one coherent integration time may be rather large, an effective method to get precise direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimations is important for reliable ocean surface current mapping. In this article, we propose an adaptive data channel conversion method to compensate for this kind of rotation. In this method, radar data can be converted from rotating antenna channels into pseudo-fixed beam channels by following the minimum-mean-square-error rule between the wanted pseudo-fixed beam and a reference beam. Simulations with a uniform circular array and one kind of yaw rotation, the range of which is ${\text{90}^{\circ}}$ , are conducted. After compensation, the DOA estimation of one simulated object becomes unbiased and performs nearly as good as that on a fixed platform. Besides, the high root-mean-square errors of radial ocean currents, caused by the yaw rotation, also decrease. Furthermore, we introduce a field experiment of one anchored floating HF radar, during which the DOA estimations of two onshore radars’ direct waves improved drastically. The field ocean currents, deduced from this floating HF radar, also indicate the feasibility of the proposed method. This method offers a new idea to compensate for a floating platform's yaw rotation and can help introduce the traditional onshore HF radar to a much more flexible offshore scenario.

中文翻译：

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使用锚定浮动高频雷达进行海面洋流反演：偏航补偿

在一个锚定浮动平台上部署高频 (HF) 雷达以提高机动性似乎是一个不错的选择。在这种情况下，由于在一个相干积分时间内的偏航旋转可能相当大，因此一种获得精确到达方向 (DOA) 估计的有效方法对于可靠的海面洋流绘图非常重要。在本文中，我们提出了一种自适应数据通道转换方法来补偿这种旋转。在这种方法中，雷达数据可以通过遵循有用伪固定波束和参考波束之间的最小均方误差规则从旋转天线信道转换为伪固定波束信道。具有均匀圆形阵列和一种偏航旋转的模拟，其范围为${\text{90}^{\circ}}$ ，进行。补偿后，一个模拟对象的 DOA 估计变得无偏，性能几乎与固定平台上的一样好。此外，由偏航旋转引起的径向洋流的高均方根误差也减小。此外，我们介绍了一个锚定浮动高频雷达的现场实验，在此期间，两个陆上雷达直接波的 DOA 估计得到了显着改善。从该浮动高频雷达推导出的现场洋流也表明了所提出方法的可行性。这种方法提供了一种新的想法来补偿浮动平台的偏航旋转，并有助于将传统的陆上 HF 雷达引入到更加灵活的海上场景中。