Partnering with consumers and patients and the community and public is a research and healthcare improvement imperative. Consumer and community involvement (CCI) requires behaviour change at the individual (researcher, health professional, manager), organisational (health service, university, medical research institute) and system level (funding policies, collaboration between organisations). To understand the barriers and enablers to meaningful CCI, a qualitative descriptive study was undertaken with researchers, health professionals, representatives from consumer organisations, and health services and ethics committees in Melbourne, Australia. Twenty-eight semi-structured interviews and one focus group were conducted in May–August 2019. Ethics approval was obtained. Thematic analysis was guided by the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation and Behaviour model (COM-B). Training of researchers and health professionals in CCI, benefits and systems and processes to undertake CCI, alongside incorporating CCI as a requirement for funding were identified as enablers. Lack of time and resources for CCI, challenges in finding consumers for projects and a perceived lack of evidence of the impact of CCI were barriers. These identified barriers and enablers will inform strategies to build the capacity of CCI at the individual, organisation and system level within the Australian Health Research Alliance.

中文翻译：

---

消费者和社区参与研究和医疗保健改进的障碍和推动因素：澳大利亚墨尔本消费者组织、卫生服务和研究人员的观点

与消费者和患者以及社区和公众合作是研究和医疗保健改进的当务之急。消费者和社区参与 (CCI) 需要个人（研究人员、卫生专业人员、经理）、组织（卫生服务、大学、医学研究所）和系统层面（资金政策、组织之间的合作）的行为改变。为了了解有意义的 CCI 的障碍和促成因素，在澳大利亚墨尔本与研究人员、卫生专业人员、消费者组织以及卫生服务和伦理委员会的代表进行了定性描述性研究。2019 年 5 月至 8 月进行了 28 次半结构化访谈和 1 个焦点小组。获得了伦理批准。主题分析以能力为指导，机会、动机和行为模型 (COM-B)。对研究人员和卫生专业人员进行 CCI 培训、开展 CCI 的福利和系统和流程，以及将 CCI 作为资金要求，被确定为促成因素。CCI 缺乏时间和资源、在为项目寻找消费者方面面临挑战以及缺乏 CCI 影响的证据是障碍。这些已确定的障碍和促成因素将为在澳大利亚健康研究联盟内的个人、组织和系统层面建立 CCI 能力的战略提供信息。为项目寻找消费者的挑战以及缺乏关于 CCI 影响的证据是障碍。这些已确定的障碍和促成因素将为在澳大利亚健康研究联盟内的个人、组织和系统层面建立 CCI 能力的战略提供信息。为项目寻找消费者的挑战以及缺乏关于 CCI 影响的证据是障碍。这些已确定的障碍和促成因素将为在澳大利亚健康研究联盟内的个人、组织和系统层面建立 CCI 能力的战略提供信息。