Cascade-up and/or slow-slip processes are commonly believed to control interactions between foreshocks, mainshocks and aftershocks, but their relative contributions remain poorly resolved. Discrimination between these processes will shed light on the understanding of earthquake physics, which requires exceptional observations of earthquake sequences. The well-recorded July 2019 Ridgecrest, California foreshock-mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence provides such an opportunity. We perform simultaneous inversion of the July 4th M_W 6.4 foreshock and July 5th M_W 7.1 mainshock kinematic rupture models using SAR, strong motion, and GPS data. We also invert for afterslip models following the M_W 6.4 foreshock and the mainshock, respectively, by developing an inversion method that utilizes strainmeter, SAR and daily GPS time series. The inversion results show that the overall sequence involves no less than six fault segments, which include a main northwest-trending fault and secondary faults with sub-parallel and orthogonal geometry to the main fault. Co-seismic slip and afterslip have complementary patterns on the faults. During the early post-seismic period following the M_W 6.4 foreshock and the mainshock, moment release on the southwest-trending fault is dominated by aseismic slip, in contrast to the predominantly seismic slip on the northwest-trending fault. The mainshock appears to be triggered by a cascade migration of foreshocks on a northwest-trending fault. Slip on the southwest-trending fault migrates from the fault junction at the northeast end (following the M_W 6.4 foreshock) to the southwest end (following the mainshock) during the afterslip interval. The dual-mode (seismic versus aseismic) slip phenomena appear to be driven by co-seismic stress changes produced by the major events.

通常认为级联和/或慢滑过程控制前震、主震和余震之间的相互作用，但它们的相对贡献仍未得到很好的解决。这些过程之间的区别将有助于理解地震物理学，这需要对地震序列进行特殊的观察。记录良好的 2019 年 7 月加利福尼亚州里奇克莱斯特的前震-主震-余震地震序列提供了这样的机会。我们使用 SAR、强运动和 GPS 数据对 7 月 4 日 M _W 6.4 前震和 7 月 5 日 M _W 7.1 主震运动破裂模型进行同步反演。我们还根据 M _W对后滑模型进行反演6.4 通过开发利用应变计、SAR 和每日 GPS 时间序列的反演方法，分别分析前震和主震。反演结果表明，整个序列涉及不少于六个断层段，其中包括一条西北向的主断层和与主断层具有次平行和正交几何结构的次要断层。同震滑动和后滑动在断层上具有互补的模式。在 M _W之后的早期震后时期6.4 前震和主震，西南向断层的矩释放以抗震滑动为主，而西北向断层以地震滑动为主。主震似乎是由西北向断层上的前震级联迁移触发的。在后滑间隔期间，西南向断层上的滑动从东北端的断层交汇处（跟随 M _W 6.4 前震）迁移到西南端（跟随主震）。双模式（地震与地震）滑动现象似乎是由重大事件产生的同震应力变化驱动的。