Study Objectives Night awakening is common in infancy, and some infants continue to have signaled night awakenings throughout early childhood. However, the influence of signaled night awakening on children’s social development is less explored. In the present study, longitudinal associations between signaled night awakening, social information processing, and socio-emotional development were measured within the CHILD-SLEEP birth cohort in two groups formed based on parent-reported night awakenings. Methods At 8 months, there were 77 infants in the waking group (≥3 awakenings) and 69 infants in the nonwaking group (≤1 awakening). At 8 and 24 months, social information processing was measured as children’s attention to neutral and emotional faces, and at 24 months, parent-reported socio-emotional behavior was measured with the Brief Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) questionnaire. Results The two groups showed different patterns of attention to emotional faces. The waking group had a more pronounced attentional bias to fearful versus happy faces, whereas in the nonwaking group, attention to fearful and happy faces did not differ. In addition, at 24 months, the waking group had more dysregulation problems and lower social competence than the nonwaking group, but no clear differences in internalizing or externalizing problems were found. Conclusions Our results contribute to the literature by showing that during the first 2 years of life, signaled night awakening is associated with social information processing and socio-emotional behavior.

中文翻译：

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夜间觉醒信号及其与头两年的社会信息处理和社会情感发展的关联


研究目标 夜间觉醒在婴儿期很常见，一些婴儿在整个幼儿期持续出现夜间觉醒的信号。然而，夜间觉醒信号对儿童社会性发展的影响却鲜有探讨。在本研究中，根据父母报告的夜间觉醒情况组成的两组儿童睡眠出生队列中，测量了夜间觉醒信号、社会信息处理和社会情绪发展之间的纵向关联。方法 8个月时，清醒组（≥3次觉醒）婴儿77例，非觉醒组（≤1次觉醒）69例。在 8 个月和 24 个月时，社会信息处理的测量方式为儿童对中性和情绪化面孔的注意力，而在 24 个月时，家长报告的社会情感行为则通过简短婴幼儿社交和情感评估 (BITSEA) 问卷来测量。结果两组人对情绪面孔的关注表现出不同的模式。清醒组对恐惧面孔和快乐面孔的注意力偏差更为明显，而在非清醒组中，对恐惧面孔和快乐面孔的关注没有差异。此外，在24个月时，清醒组比不清醒组有更多的失调问题和较低的社交能力，但在内化或外化问题上没有发现明显差异。结论 我们的研究结果对文献做出了贡献，表明在生命的头两年，夜间觉醒信号与社会信息处理和社会情感行为相关。