This study aimed to characterize and compare postural behaviour between gender, school cycles and PA levels in 213 students, aged between 10 and 20 years, from Escola Basica e Secundaria de Santa Maria. Postural assessment was made through visual scan analysis in a symmetrograph and the Adams test. PA level assessment was made using the IPAQ. Postural behaviour presented high percentages of imbalances in both sexes, with the highest prevalence in the head lateral flexion, shoulders level asymmetry, scoliosis, gibbosity, forward head and protracted shoulders. Lumbar scoliosis was significantly related to pelvic asymmetry (p < .001), protracted shoulders were related to forward head (p = .010) and dorsal hyperkyphosis (p = .048) and lumbar hyperlordosis was more prevalent in subjects with pelvic anteversion (p < .001). Dorsal hyperkyphosis manifested in males with a markedly higher prevalence than females (p = .006). Postural imbalances were present at all ages, with pelvic anteversion decrease (p = .028) with school cycles progression. Our sample proved to be physically active with 73.9% categorized with high and moderate levels of PA. Higher PA levels where related to forward head lower percentages (p = .006). It should be highlighted the importance of postural assessment school students.

中文翻译：

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性别、学校周期和身体活动之间姿势错位的研究

本研究旨在描述和比较来自 Escola Basica e Secundaria de Santa Maria 的 213 名年龄在 10 至 20 岁之间的学生的性别、学校周期和 PA 水平之间的姿势行为。姿势评估是通过对称图和亚当斯测试中的视觉扫描分析进行的。PA 水平评估是使用 IPAQ 进行的。姿势行为在两性中表现出高比例的不平衡，头部侧屈、肩部水平不对称、脊柱侧弯、隆起、头部前倾和肩部前伸的发生率最高。腰椎侧弯与骨盆不对称显着相关 (p < .001)，肩部过长与头部前倾 (p = .010) 和背侧后凸过度 (p = .048) 相关，腰椎前凸在骨盆前倾的受试者中更为普遍 (p < .001）。男性背侧后凸畸形的发生率明显高于女性 (p = .006)。所有年龄段都存在姿势不平衡，随着学校周期的进展，骨盆前倾角下降 (p = .028)。我们的样本被证明是身体活跃的，其中 73.9% 被归类为高和中等水平的 PA。较高的 PA 水平与前倾头部较低的百分比有关 (p = .006)。应该强调学校学生姿势评估的重要性。