Objective:Recent cannabis exposure has been associated with lower rates of neurocognitive impairment in people with HIV (PWH). Cannabis’s anti-inflammatory properties may underlie this relationship by reducing chronic neuroinflammation in PWH. This study examined relations between cannabis use and inflammatory biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma, and cognitive correlates of these biomarkers within a community-based sample of PWH.Methods:263 individuals were categorized into four groups: HIV− non-cannabis users (n = 65), HIV+ non-cannabis users (n = 105), HIV+ moderate cannabis users (n = 62), and HIV+ daily cannabis users (n = 31). Differences in pro-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, MCP-1/CCL2, IP-10/CXCL10, sCD14, sTNFR-II, TNF-α) by study group were determined by Kruskal–Wallis tests. Multivariable linear regressions examined relationships between biomarkers and seven cognitive domains, adjusting for age, sex/gender, race, education, and current CD4 count.Results:HIV+ daily cannabis users showed lower MCP-1 and IP-10 levels in CSF compared to HIV+ non-cannabis users (p = .015; p = .039) and were similar to HIV− non-cannabis users. Plasma biomarkers showed no differences by cannabis use. Among PWH, lower CSF MCP-1 and lower CSF IP-10 were associated with better learning performance (all ps < .05).Conclusions:Current daily cannabis use was associated with lower levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines implicated in HIV pathogenesis and these chemokines were linked to the cognitive domain of learning which is commonly impaired in PWH. Cannabinoid-related reductions of MCP-1 and IP-10, if confirmed, suggest a role for medicinal cannabis in the mitigation of persistent inflammation and cognitive impacts of HIV.

中文翻译：

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每日使用大麻与 HIV 感染者的中枢神经系统炎症降低有关

目的：最近的大麻暴露与 HIV 感染者 (PWH) 的神经认知障碍发生率较低有关。大麻的抗炎特性可能通过减少 PWH 中的慢性神经炎症而成为这种关系的基础。本研究检查了大麻使用与脑脊液 (CSF) 和血浆中炎症生物标志物之间的关系，以及这些生物标志物在基于社区的 PWH 样本中的认知相关性。方法：263 个人分为四组：HIV-非大麻使用者(n= 65), HIV+ 非大麻使用者 (n= 105), HIV+ 中度大麻使用者 (n= 62）和 HIV+ 每日大麻使用者（n= 31)。促炎生物标志物（IL-6、MCP-1/CCL2、IP-10/CXCL10、sCD14、sTNFR-II、TNF-α) 通过 Kruskal-Wallis 检验确定研究组。多变量线性回归检查了生物标志物和七个认知领域之间的关系，调整了年龄、性别/性别、种族、教育和当前 CD4 计数。结果：与 HIV+ 相比，HIV+ 每日大麻使用者在 CSF 中的 MCP-1 和 IP-10 水平较低非大麻使用者（p= .015;p= .039）并且与 HIV-非大麻使用者相似。血浆生物标志物显示大麻使用没有差异。在 PWH 中，较低的 CSF MCP-1 和较低的 CSF IP-10 与更好的学习表现相关（所有ps < .05). 结论：目前每天使用大麻与较低水平的与 HIV 发病机制有关的促炎趋化因子相关，这些趋化因子与 PWH 中通常受损的学习认知域有关。如果得到证实，与大麻素相关的 MCP-1 和 IP-10 减少表明药用大麻在缓解 HIV 持续性炎症和认知影响方面的作用。