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Decommissioning Orphaned and Abandoned Oil and Gas Wells: New Estimates and Cost Drivers
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02234 Daniel Raimi 1 , Alan J Krupnick 1 , Jhih-Shyang Shah 1 , Alexandra Thompson 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c02234 Daniel Raimi 1 , Alan J Krupnick 1 , Jhih-Shyang Shah 1 , Alexandra Thompson 1
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Millions of abandoned oil and gas wells are scattered across the United States, causing methane emissions and other environmental hazards. Governments are increasingly interested in decommissioning these wells but want to do so efficiently. However, information on the costs of decommissioning wells is very limited. In this analysis, we provide new cost estimates for decommissioning oil and gas wells and key cost drivers. We analyze data from up to 19,500 wells and find median decommissioning costs are roughly $20,000 for plugging only and $76,000 for plugging and surface reclamation. In rare cases, costs exceed $1 million per well. Each additional 1,000 feet of well depth increases costs by 20%, older wells are more costly than newer ones, natural gas wells are 9% more expensive than wells that produce oil, and costs vary widely by state. Surface characteristics also matter: each additional 10 feet of elevation change in the 5-acre area surrounding the well raises costs by 3%. Finally, we find that contracting in bulk pays: each additional well per contract reduces decommissioning costs by 3% per well. These findings suggest that regulators can adjust bonding requirements to better match the characteristics of each well.
中文翻译：
停用孤立和废弃的油气井：新的估计和成本驱动因素
数以百万计的废弃油气井散落在美国各地，造成甲烷排放和其他环境危害。政府对退役这些油井越来越感兴趣，但希望能够有效地进行退役。然而，关于退役油井成本的信息非常有限。在此分析中，我们为油气井退役和关键成本驱动因素提供了新的成本估算。我们分析了多达 19,500 口井的数据，发现仅封堵的中位退役成本约为 20,000 美元，封堵和地面复垦的中位成本约为 76,000 美元。在极少数情况下，每口井的成本超过 100 万美元。井深每增加 1,000 英尺，成本就会增加 20%，旧井比新井成本更高，天然气井比生产石油的井贵 9%，而且成本因州而异。地表特征也很重要：井周围 5 英亩区域的海拔每增加 10 英尺，成本就会增加 3%。最后，我们发现批量承包是有好处的：每增加一个合同，每口井减少 3% 的退役成本。这些发现表明，监管机构可以调整绑定要求，以更好地匹配每口井的特征。
更新日期：2021-08-03
中文翻译：
停用孤立和废弃的油气井：新的估计和成本驱动因素
数以百万计的废弃油气井散落在美国各地，造成甲烷排放和其他环境危害。政府对退役这些油井越来越感兴趣，但希望能够有效地进行退役。然而，关于退役油井成本的信息非常有限。在此分析中，我们为油气井退役和关键成本驱动因素提供了新的成本估算。我们分析了多达 19,500 口井的数据，发现仅封堵的中位退役成本约为 20,000 美元，封堵和地面复垦的中位成本约为 76,000 美元。在极少数情况下，每口井的成本超过 100 万美元。井深每增加 1,000 英尺，成本就会增加 20%，旧井比新井成本更高，天然气井比生产石油的井贵 9%，而且成本因州而异。地表特征也很重要：井周围 5 英亩区域的海拔每增加 10 英尺，成本就会增加 3%。最后，我们发现批量承包是有好处的：每增加一个合同，每口井减少 3% 的退役成本。这些发现表明，监管机构可以调整绑定要求，以更好地匹配每口井的特征。
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