Context

Relationships between spatial configuration of urban form and land surface temperature (LST) in the excess heat mitigation context are studied over larger tracts of land not allowing for micro-scale recommendations to urban design.

Objectives

To identify spatial configuration descriptors (SCDs) of urban form and the size of zone of influence conducive to the formation of the coldest and hottest land cover (LC) patches of different types (buildings, grass, paved and trees) from 2 m resolution LC and 2 and 100 m resolution LST maps at two time-steps in the summer.

Methods

Random Forest regression models were deployed to explain the LST of individual LC patches of different types based on SCDs of core LC patches and patches in their neighbourhoods. ANOVA was used to determine significantly different values of the most important SCDs associated with the coldest and hottest LC patches, and analysis of quartiles informed specification of their ranges.

Results

Urban form in the immediate neighbourhood to the core LC patches had a strong influence on their LST. Low elevation, high proximity to water, and high aggregation of trees, being important to the formation of the coldest patches of all types. High resolution of LST contributed to a higher accuracy of results. Elevation and proximity to water gained in importance as summer progressed.

Conclusions

Spatial configuration of urban form in the nearest proximity to individual LC patches and the use of fine resolution LST data are essential for issuing heat mitigation recommendations to urban planners relevant to micro-scales.

中文翻译：

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邻近土地覆盖空间配置对解释城市景观中单个斑块表面温度的重要性

语境

城市形态的空间配置与地表温度 (LST) 之间的关系在余热缓解背景下在较大的土地上进行了研究，不允许对城市设计提出微观尺度建议。

目标

从 2 m 分辨率 LC 识别城市形态的空间配置描述符 (SCD) 和有利于形成不同类型（建筑物、草地、铺砌和树木）的最冷和最热土地覆盖 (LC) 斑块的影响区域大小夏季两个时间步长的 2 米和 100 米分辨率 LST 地图。

方法

部署随机森林回归模型来解释不同类型的单个 LC 补丁的 LST，基于核心 LC 补丁和其附近补丁的 SCD。方差分析用于确定与最冷和最热 LC 贴片相关的最重要 SCD 的显着不同值，并分析四分位数以了解其范围的规格。

结果

紧邻核心 LC 补丁的城市形态对其 LST 有很大影响。低海拔、高度接近水和树木高度聚集，这对于所有类型最冷斑块的形成都很重要。LST 的高分辨率有助于提高结果的准确性。随着夏季的进行，海拔高度和与水的接近程度变得越来越重要。

结论

最接近单个 LC 斑块的城市形态的空间配置和高分辨率 LST 数据的使用对于向城市规划者发布与微尺度相关的热缓解建议至关重要。